Prospective Observational Study on acute Appendicitis Worldwide (POSAW)
Identifieur interne : 000456 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000455; suivant : 000457Prospective Observational Study on acute Appendicitis Worldwide (POSAW)
Auteurs : Massimo Sartelli [Italie] ; Gian L. Baiocchi [Italie] ; Salomone Di Saverio [Italie] ; Francesco Ferrara [Italie] ; Francesco M. Labricciosa [Italie] ; Luca Ansaloni [Italie] ; Federico Coccolini [Italie] ; Deepak Vijayan [Royaume-Uni] ; Ashraf Abbas [Égypte] ; Hariscine K. Abongwa [Italie] ; John Agboola ; Adamu Ahmed [Nigeria] ; Lali Akhmeteli [Géorgie (pays)] ; Nezih Akkapulu [Turquie] ; Seckin Akkucuk [Turquie] ; Fatih Altintoprak [Turquie] ; Aurelia L. Andreiev [Royaume-Uni] ; Dimitrios Anyfantakis [Grèce] ; Boiko Atanasov [Bulgarie] ; Miklosh Bala [Israël] ; Dimitrios Balalis [Grèce] ; Oussama Baraket [Tunisie] ; Giovanni Bellanova [Italie] ; Marcelo Beltran [Chili] ; Renato Bessa Melo [Portugal] ; Roberto Bini [Italie] ; Konstantinos Bouliaris [Grèce] ; Daniele Brunelli [Italie] ; Adrian Castillo [États-Unis] ; Marco Catani [Italie] ; Asri Che Jusoh ; Alain Chichom-Mefire [Cameroun] ; Gianfranco Cocorullo [Italie] ; Raul Coimbra [États-Unis] ; Elif Colak [Turquie] ; Silvia Costa [Portugal] ; Koray Das [Turquie] ; Samir Delibegovic [Bosnie-Herzégovine] ; Zaza Demetrashvili [Géorgie (pays)] ; Isidoro Di Carlo [Qatar] ; Nadezda Kiseleva [Lettonie] ; Tamer El Zalabany [Bahreïn] ; Mario Faro ; Margarida Ferreira [Portugal] ; Gustavo P. Fraga [Brésil] ; Mahir Gachabayov [Russie] ; Wagih M. Ghnnam [Égypte] ; Teresa Giménez Maurel [Espagne] ; Georgios Gkiokas [Grèce] ; Carlos A. Gomes [Brésil] ; Ewen Griffiths [Royaume-Uni] ; Ali Guner [Turquie] ; Sanjay Gupta [Inde] ; Andreas Hecker [Allemagne] ; Elcio S. Hirano [Brésil] ; Adrien Hodonou [Bénin] ; Martin Hutan [Autriche] ; Orestis Ioannidis [Grèce] ; Arda Isik [Turquie] ; Georgy Ivakhov [Russie] ; Sumita Jain [Inde] ; Mantas Jokubauskas [Lituanie] ; Aleksandar Karamarkovic [Serbie] ; Saila Kauhanen [Finlande] ; Robin Kaushik [Inde] ; Alfie Kavalakat [Inde] ; Jakub Kenig [Pologne] ; Vladimir Khokha [Biélorussie] ; Desmond Khor [États-Unis] ; Dennis Kim [États-Unis] ; Jae I. Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Victor Kong [Afrique du Sud] ; Konstantinos Lasithiotakis [Royaume-Uni] ; Pedro Leão [Portugal] ; Miguel Leon [Espagne] ; Andrey Litvin [Russie] ; Varut Lohsiriwat [Thaïlande] ; Eudaldo L Pez-Tomassetti Fernandez [Espagne] ; Eftychios Lostoridis [Grèce] ; James Maciel [États-Unis] ; Piotr Major [Pologne] ; Ana Dimova [Croatie] ; Dimitrios Manatakis [Grèce] ; Athanasio Marinis [Grèce] ; Aleix Martinez-Perez [Espagne] ; Sanjay Marwah [Inde] ; Michael Mcfarlane [Jamaïque] ; Cristian Mesina [Roumanie] ; Michał P Dziwiatr [Pologne] ; Nickos Michalopoulos [Grèce] ; Evangelos Misiakos [Grèce] ; Ali Mohamedahmed [Soudan] ; Radu Moldovanu [France] ; Giulia Montori [Italie] ; Raghuveer Mysore Narayana [Inde] ; Ionut Negoi [Roumanie] ; Ioannis Nikolopoulos [Royaume-Uni] ; Giuseppe Novelli [Italie] ; Viktors Novikovs [Lettonie] ; Iyiade Olaoye [Nigeria] ; Abdelkarim Omari [Jordanie] ; Carlos A. Ordo Ez [Colombie] ; Mouaqit Ouadii [Maroc] ; Zeynep Ozkan [Turquie] ; Ajay Pal [Inde] ; Gian M. Palini [Italie] ; Lars I. Partecke [Allemagne] ; Francesco Pata [Italie] ; Michał P Dziwiatr [Pologne] ; Gerson A. Pereira Júnior [Brésil] ; Tadeja Pintar [Slovénie] ; Magdalena Pisarska [Pologne] ; Cesar F. Ploneda-Valencia [Mexique] ; Konstantinos Pouggouras [Grèce] ; Vinod Prabhu ; Padmakumar Ramakrishnapillai [Inde] ; Jean-Marc Regimbeau [France] ; Marianne Reitz [Brésil] ; Daniel Rios-Cruz [Mexique] ; Sten Saar [Estonie] ; Boris Sakakushev [Bulgarie] ; Charalampos Seretis [Royaume-Uni] ; Alexander Sazhin [Russie] ; Vishal Shelat [Singapour] ; Matej Skrovina [République tchèque] ; Dmitry Smirnov [Russie] ; Charalampos Spyropoulos [Grèce] ; Marcin Strzałka [Pologne] ; Peep Talving [Estonie] ; Ricardo A. Teixeira Gonsaga [Brésil] ; George Theobald [Royaume-Uni] ; Gia Tomadze [Géorgie (pays)] ; Myftar Torba [Albanie] ; Cristian Tranà [Italie] ; Jan Ulrych [République tchèque] ; Mustafa Y. Uzuno Lu [Turquie] ; Alin Vasilescu [Roumanie] ; Savino Occhionorelli [Italie] ; Aurélien Venara [France] ; Andras Vereczkei [Hongrie] ; Nereo Vettoretto [Italie] ; Nutu Vlad [Roumanie] ; Maciej Wal Dziak [Pologne] ; Tonguç U. Yilmaz [Turquie] ; Kuo-Ching Yuan [Taïwan] ; Cui Yunfeng [République populaire de Chine] ; Justas Zilinskas [Lituanie] ; Gérard Grelpois [France] ; Fausto Catena [Égypte]Source :
- World Journal of Emergency Surgery : WJES [ 1749-7922 ] ; 2018.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adulte (MeSH), Appendicectomie (effets indésirables), Appendicectomie (méthodes), Appendicectomie (normes), Appendicite (chirurgie), Durée du séjour (statistiques et données numériques), Femelle (MeSH), Hospitalisation (statistiques et données numériques), Humains (MeSH), Laparoscopie (méthodes), Laparoscopie (statistiques et données numériques), Loi du khi-deux (MeSH), Maladie aigüe (thérapie), Modèles logistiques (MeSH), Mâle (MeSH), Résultat thérapeutique (MeSH), Tomodensitométrie (méthodes), Études prospectives (MeSH).
- MESH :
- chirurgie : Appendicite.
- effets indésirables : Appendicectomie.
- méthodes : Appendicectomie, Laparoscopie, Tomodensitométrie.
- normes : Appendicectomie.
- statistiques et données numériques : Durée du séjour, Hospitalisation, Laparoscopie.
- thérapie : Maladie aigüe.
- Adulte, Femelle, Humains, Loi du khi-deux, Modèles logistiques, Mâle, Résultat thérapeutique, Études prospectives.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Acute Disease (therapy), Adult (MeSH), Appendectomy (adverse effects), Appendectomy (methods), Appendectomy (standards), Appendicitis (surgery), Chi-Square Distribution (MeSH), Female (MeSH), Hospitalization (statistics & numerical data), Humans (MeSH), Laparoscopy (methods), Laparoscopy (statistics & numerical data), Length of Stay (statistics & numerical data), Logistic Models (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Prospective Studies (MeSH), Tomography, X-Ray Computed (methods), Treatment Outcome (MeSH).
- MESH :
- adverse effects : Appendectomy.
- methods : Appendectomy, Laparoscopy, Tomography, X-Ray Computed.
- standards : Appendectomy.
- statistics & numerical data : Hospitalization, Laparoscopy, Length of Stay.
- surgery : Appendicitis.
- therapy : Acute Disease.
- Adult, Chi-Square Distribution, Female, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Prospective Studies, Treatment Outcome.
Abstract
Acute appendicitis (AA) is the most common surgical disease, and appendectomy is the treatment of choice in the majority of cases. A correct diagnosis is key for decreasing the negative appendectomy rate. The management can become difficult in case of complicated appendicitis. The aim of this study is to describe the worldwide clinical and diagnostic work-up and management of AA in surgical departments.
This prospective multicenter observational study was performed in 116 worldwide surgical departments from 44 countries over a 6-month period (April 1, 2016–September 30, 2016). All consecutive patients admitted to surgical departments with a clinical diagnosis of AA were included in the study.
A total of 4282 patients were enrolled in the POSAW study, 1928 (45%) women and 2354 (55%) men, with a median age of 29 years. Nine hundred and seven (21.2%) patients underwent an abdominal CT scan, 1856 (43.3%) patients an US, and 285 (6.7%) patients both CT scan and US. A total of 4097 (95.7%) patients underwent surgery; 1809 (42.2%) underwent open appendectomy and 2215 (51.7%) had laparoscopic appendectomy. One hundred eighty-five (4.3%) patients were managed conservatively. Major complications occurred in 199 patients (4.6%). The overall mortality rate was 0.28%.
The results of the present study confirm the clinical value of imaging techniques and prognostic scores. Appendectomy remains the most effective treatment of acute appendicitis. Mortality rate is low.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/s13017-018-0179-0
PubMed: 29686725
PubMed Central: 5902943
Affiliations:
- Afrique du Sud, Albanie, Allemagne, Autriche, Bahreïn, Biélorussie, Bosnie-Herzégovine, Brésil, Bulgarie, Bénin, Cameroun, Chili, Colombie, Corée du Sud, Croatie, Espagne, Estonie, Finlande, France, Grèce, Géorgie (pays), Hongrie, Inde, Israël, Italie, Jamaïque, Jordanie, Lettonie, Lituanie, Maroc, Mexique, Nigeria, Pologne, Portugal, Qatar, Roumanie, Royaume-Uni, Russie, République populaire de Chine, République tchèque, Serbie, Singapour, Slovénie, Soudan, Taïwan, Thaïlande, Tunisie, Turquie, Égypte, États-Unis
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Le document en format XML
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Abongwa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff9"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411482.a</institution-id><institution>Emergency Surgery Unit,</institution><institution>Maggiore University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Parma, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Parma</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agboola, John" sort="Agboola, John" uniqKey="Agboola J" first="John" last="Agboola">John Agboola</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff10">Surgery, Kwara State General Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara Nigeria</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Kwara Nigeria</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ahmed, Adamu" sort="Ahmed, Adamu" uniqKey="Ahmed A" first="Adamu" last="Ahmed">Adamu Ahmed</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff11"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 4688 7583</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413221.7</institution-id><institution>Surgery,</institution><institution>Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria,</institution></institution-wrap>Zaria, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Zaria</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Akhmeteli, Lali" sort="Akhmeteli, Lali" uniqKey="Akhmeteli L" first="Lali" last="Akhmeteli">Lali Akhmeteli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff12">Surgery, First University Clinic, Tbilisi, Georgia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Géorgie (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery, First University Clinic, Tbilisi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Akkapulu, Nezih" sort="Akkapulu, Nezih" uniqKey="Akkapulu N" first="Nezih" last="Akkapulu">Nezih Akkapulu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff13"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 1457 1144</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411548.d</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Baskent Universitesi Adana Eğitim ve Uygulama Hastanesi,</institution></institution-wrap>Adana, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Adana</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Akkucuk, Seckin" sort="Akkucuk, Seckin" uniqKey="Akkucuk S" first="Seckin" last="Akkucuk">Seckin Akkucuk</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff14"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0680 7823</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.14352.31</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Training and Research Hospital of Mustafa Kemal University,</institution></institution-wrap>Hatay, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Hatay</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Altintoprak, Fatih" sort="Altintoprak, Fatih" uniqKey="Altintoprak F" first="Fatih" last="Altintoprak">Fatih Altintoprak</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff15"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0682 3030</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.49746.38</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Sakarya University School of Medicine,</institution></institution-wrap>Sakarya, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Sakarya</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Andreiev, Aurelia L" sort="Andreiev, Aurelia L" uniqKey="Andreiev A" first="Aurelia L." last="Andreiev">Aurelia L. Andreiev</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0376 6589</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412563.7</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust,</institution></institution-wrap>Birmingham, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Birmingham</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Anyfantakis, Dimitrios" sort="Anyfantakis, Dimitrios" uniqKey="Anyfantakis D" first="Dimitrios" last="Anyfantakis">Dimitrios Anyfantakis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff16">Primary Care, Primary Health Care Centre of Kissamos, Chania, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Primary Care, Primary Health Care Centre of Kissamos, Chania</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Atanasov, Boiko" sort="Atanasov, Boiko" uniqKey="Atanasov B" first="Boiko" last="Atanasov">Boiko Atanasov</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff17"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0726 0380</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.35371.33</institution-id><institution>Department of General Surgery,</institution><institution>Medical University of Plovdiv, UMHAT Eurohospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Plovdiv, Bulgaria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Bulgarie</country><wicri:regionArea>Plovdiv</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bala, Miklosh" sort="Bala, Miklosh" uniqKey="Bala M" first="Miklosh" last="Bala">Miklosh Bala</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff18"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2221 2926</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.17788.31</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Hadassah Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Jerusalem, Israel</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>Jerusalem</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Balalis, Dimitrios" sort="Balalis, Dimitrios" uniqKey="Balalis D" first="Dimitrios" last="Balalis">Dimitrios Balalis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff19">Surgical Department, Agios Savvas Anticaner Hospital, Athens, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgical Department, Agios Savvas Anticaner Hospital, Athens</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baraket, Oussama" sort="Baraket, Oussama" uniqKey="Baraket O" first="Oussama" last="Baraket">Oussama Baraket</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff20">General Surgery, Hospital Habib Bouguefa de Bizerte, Bizerte, Tunisia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Tunisie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Hospital Habib Bouguefa de Bizerte, Bizerte</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bellanova, Giovanni" sort="Bellanova, Giovanni" uniqKey="Bellanova G" first="Giovanni" last="Bellanova">Giovanni Bellanova</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff21">General Surgery, S.S. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, S.S. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beltran, Marcelo" sort="Beltran, Marcelo" uniqKey="Beltran M" first="Marcelo" last="Beltran">Marcelo Beltran</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff22">Surgery, Hospital San Juan de Dios de La Serena, La Serena, Chile</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Chili</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery, Hospital San Juan de Dios de La Serena, La Serena</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Melo, Renato Bessa" sort="Melo, Renato Bessa" uniqKey="Melo R" first="Renato Bessa" last="Melo">Renato Bessa Melo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff23"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0000 9375 4688</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414556.7</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Centro Hospitalar São João,</institution></institution-wrap>Porto, Portugal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Porto</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bini, Roberto" sort="Bini, Roberto" uniqKey="Bini R" first="Roberto" last="Bini">Roberto Bini</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff24"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1760 7116</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.415044.0</institution-id><institution>General and Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>San Giovanni Bosco Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Turin, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Turin</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bouliaris, Konstantinos" sort="Bouliaris, Konstantinos" uniqKey="Bouliaris K" first="Konstantinos" last="Bouliaris">Konstantinos Bouliaris</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff25">Surgical Department, General Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgical Department, General Hospital of Larissa, Larissa</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brunelli, Daniele" sort="Brunelli, Daniele" uniqKey="Brunelli D" first="Daniele" last="Brunelli">Daniele Brunelli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff26">Chirurgia, Città di Castello Hospital, Città di Castello, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Chirurgia, Città di Castello Hospital, Città di Castello</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Castillo, Adrian" sort="Castillo, Adrian" uniqKey="Castillo A" first="Adrian" last="Castillo">Adrian Castillo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff27"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0157 6501</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.239844.0</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Torrance, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Torrance</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Catani, Marco" sort="Catani, Marco" uniqKey="Catani M" first="Marco" last="Catani">Marco Catani</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff28"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.7841.a</institution-id><institution>DEA, La Sapienza Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I,</institution></institution-wrap>Rome, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Rome</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Che Jusoh, Asri" sort="Che Jusoh, Asri" uniqKey="Che Jusoh A" first="Asri" last="Che Jusoh">Asri Che Jusoh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff29">General Surgery, Kuala Krai Hospital, Kuala Krai, Kelantan Malaysia</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Kelantan Malaysia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chichom Mefire, Alain" sort="Chichom Mefire, Alain" uniqKey="Chichom Mefire A" first="Alain" last="Chichom-Mefire">Alain Chichom-Mefire</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff30">Surgery and Obstetrics/Gynaecology, Regional Hospital, Limbe, Cameroon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery and Obstetrics/Gynaecology, Regional Hospital, Limbe</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cocorullo, Gianfranco" sort="Cocorullo, Gianfranco" uniqKey="Cocorullo G" first="Gianfranco" last="Cocorullo">Gianfranco Cocorullo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff31"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1756 3088</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412510.3</institution-id><institution>Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone,</institution></institution-wrap>Palermo, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Palermo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coimbra, Raul" sort="Coimbra, Raul" uniqKey="Coimbra R" first="Raul" last="Coimbra">Raul Coimbra</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff32"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2107 4242</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.266100.3</institution-id><institution>Trauma/Acute Care Surgery,</institution><institution>University of California San Diego,</institution></institution-wrap>San Diego, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>San Diego</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Colak, Elif" sort="Colak, Elif" uniqKey="Colak E" first="Elif" last="Colak">Elif Colak</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff33">General Surgery, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Costa, Silvia" sort="Costa, Silvia" uniqKey="Costa S" first="Silvia" last="Costa">Silvia Costa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff34"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0000 8902 4519</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.418336.b</institution-id><institution>Surgery,</institution><institution>CHVNG/E, EPE,</institution></institution-wrap>Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Vila Nova de Gaia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Das, Koray" sort="Das, Koray" uniqKey="Das K" first="Koray" last="Das">Koray Das</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff35"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0642 7670</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413791.9</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Numune Training and Research Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Adana, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Adana</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Delibegovic, Samir" sort="Delibegovic, Samir" uniqKey="Delibegovic S" first="Samir" last="Delibegovic">Samir Delibegovic</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff36"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0682 9061</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412410.2</institution-id><institution>Colorectal Surgery, Clinic for Surgery,</institution><institution>University Clinical Center Tuzla,</institution></institution-wrap>Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Bosnie-Herzégovine</country><wicri:regionArea>Tuzla</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demetrashvili, Zaza" sort="Demetrashvili, Zaza" uniqKey="Demetrashvili Z" first="Zaza" last="Demetrashvili">Zaza Demetrashvili</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff37">Surgery, Kipshidze Central University Hospital, Tbilisi, Georgia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Géorgie (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery, Kipshidze Central University Hospital, Tbilisi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Di Carlo, Isidoro" sort="Di Carlo, Isidoro" uniqKey="Di Carlo I" first="Isidoro" last="Di Carlo">Isidoro Di Carlo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff38"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0637 437X</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413542.5</institution-id><institution>Surgery,</institution><institution>Hamad General Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Doha, Qatar</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Qatar</country><wicri:regionArea>Doha</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kiseleva, Nadezda" sort="Kiseleva, Nadezda" uniqKey="Kiseleva N" first="Nadezda" last="Kiseleva">Nadezda Kiseleva</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff39"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0375 2558</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.488518.8</institution-id><institution>General and Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>Riga East University Hospital “Gailezers”,</institution></institution-wrap>Riga, Latvia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Lettonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Riga</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="El Zalabany, Tamer" sort="El Zalabany, Tamer" uniqKey="El Zalabany T" first="Tamer" last="El Zalabany">Tamer El Zalabany</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff40">General Surgery, Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, Manama, Bahrain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Bahreïn</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, Manama</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faro, Mario" sort="Faro, Mario" uniqKey="Faro M" first="Mario" last="Faro">Mario Faro</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff41"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0643 8839</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412368.a</institution-id><institution>Department of General Surgery, Trauma and Emergency Surgery Division,</institution><institution>ABC Medical School,</institution></institution-wrap>Santo Andreì, SP Brazil</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">SP Brazil</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferreira, Margarida" sort="Ferreira, Margarida" uniqKey="Ferreira M" first="Margarida" last="Ferreira">Margarida Ferreira</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff42"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0000 8563 4416</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414708.e</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Hospital Garcia de Orta,</institution></institution-wrap>Lisbon, Portugal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Lisbon</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fraga, Gustavo P" sort="Fraga, Gustavo P" uniqKey="Fraga G" first="Gustavo P." last="Fraga">Gustavo P. Fraga</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff43"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0723 2494</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411087.b</institution-id><institution>Division of Trauma Surgery, Hospital de Clinicas,</institution><institution>University of Campinas (Unicamp),</institution></institution-wrap>Campinas, Brazil</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Campinas</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gachabayov, Mahir" sort="Gachabayov, Mahir" uniqKey="Gachabayov M" first="Mahir" last="Gachabayov">Mahir Gachabayov</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff44">Department of Abdominal Surgery, Vladimir City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medicine, Vladimir, Russia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Abdominal Surgery, Vladimir City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medicine, Vladimir</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ghnnam, Wagih M" sort="Ghnnam, Wagih M" uniqKey="Ghnnam W" first="Wagih M." last="Ghnnam">Wagih M. Ghnnam</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff45"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000103426662</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.10251.37</institution-id><institution>General Surgery Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine,</institution><institution>Mansoura University,</institution></institution-wrap>Mansoura, Egypt</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country><wicri:regionArea>Mansoura</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gimenez Maurel, Teresa" sort="Gimenez Maurel, Teresa" uniqKey="Gimenez Maurel T" first="Teresa" last="Giménez Maurel">Teresa Giménez Maurel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff46"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0000 9854 2756</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411106.3</institution-id><institution>Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo,</institution><institution>Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet,</institution></institution-wrap>Zaragoza, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Zaragoza</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gkiokas, Georgios" sort="Gkiokas, Georgios" uniqKey="Gkiokas G" first="Georgios" last="Gkiokas">Georgios Gkiokas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff47"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2155 0800</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.5216.0</institution-id><institution>Second Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens,</institution></institution-wrap>Athens, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Athens</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gomes, Carlos A" sort="Gomes, Carlos A" uniqKey="Gomes C" first="Carlos A." last="Gomes">Carlos A. Gomes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff48">Surgery, Therezinha de Jesus University Hospital, Juiz de Fora, Brazil</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery, Therezinha de Jesus University Hospital, Juiz de Fora</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Griffiths, Ewen" sort="Griffiths, Ewen" uniqKey="Griffiths E" first="Ewen" last="Griffiths">Ewen Griffiths</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff49"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0376 6589</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412563.7</institution-id><institution>Upper GI/General Surgery,</institution><institution>University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust,</institution></institution-wrap>Birmingham, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Birmingham</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guner, Ali" sort="Guner, Ali" uniqKey="Guner A" first="Ali" last="Guner">Ali Guner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff50"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2186 0630</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.31564.35</institution-id><institution>Department of General Surgery,</institution><institution>Karadeniz Technical University, Farabi Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Trabzon, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Trabzon</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gupta, Sanjay" sort="Gupta, Sanjay" uniqKey="Gupta S" first="Sanjay" last="Gupta">Sanjay Gupta</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff51"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1767 2831</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413220.6</institution-id><institution>Surgery,</institution><institution>Government Medical College and Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Chandigarh, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Chandigarh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hecker, Andreas" sort="Hecker, Andreas" uniqKey="Hecker A" first="Andreas" last="Hecker">Andreas Hecker</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff52"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0000 8584 9230</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411067.5</institution-id><institution>Department of General and Thoracic Surgery,</institution><institution>University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Giessen, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Giessen</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hirano, Elcio S" sort="Hirano, Elcio S" uniqKey="Hirano E" first="Elcio S." last="Hirano">Elcio S. Hirano</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff43"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0723 2494</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411087.b</institution-id><institution>Division of Trauma Surgery, Hospital de Clinicas,</institution><institution>University of Campinas (Unicamp),</institution></institution-wrap>Campinas, Brazil</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Campinas</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hodonou, Adrien" sort="Hodonou, Adrien" uniqKey="Hodonou A" first="Adrien" last="Hodonou">Adrien Hodonou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff53">Chirurgie, Chud-Borgou/Alibori, Parakou, Benin</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Bénin</country><wicri:regionArea>Chirurgie, Chud-Borgou/Alibori, Parakou</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hutan, Martin" sort="Hutan, Martin" uniqKey="Hutan M" first="Martin" last="Hutan">Martin Hutan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff54">Surgical Department, Landesklinikum Hainburg, Hainburg An Der Donau, Austria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgical Department, Landesklinikum Hainburg, Hainburg An Der Donau</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ioannidis, Orestis" sort="Ioannidis, Orestis" uniqKey="Ioannidis O" first="Orestis" last="Ioannidis">Orestis Ioannidis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff55"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000109457005</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.4793.9</institution-id><institution>4th Surgical Department,</institution><institution>Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,</institution></institution-wrap>Thessaloniki, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Thessaloniki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff56"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414012.2</institution-id><institution>General Hospital “George Papanikoalou”,</institution></institution-wrap>Thessaloniki, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Thessaloniki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Isik, Arda" sort="Isik, Arda" uniqKey="Isik A" first="Arda" last="Isik">Arda Isik</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff57"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 1498 7262</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412176.7</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Erzincan University Mengucek Gazi Training and Research Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Erzincan, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Erzincan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ivakhov, Georgy" sort="Ivakhov, Georgy" uniqKey="Ivakhov G" first="Georgy" last="Ivakhov">Georgy Ivakhov</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff58">General Surgery, City Hospital #1, Moscow, Russia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, City Hospital #1, Moscow</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jain, Sumita" sort="Jain, Sumita" uniqKey="Jain S" first="Sumita" last="Jain">Sumita Jain</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff59"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1767 3615</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.416077.3</institution-id><institution>Surgery,</institution><institution>S M S Medical college,</institution></institution-wrap>Jaipur, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Jaipur</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jokubauskas, Mantas" sort="Jokubauskas, Mantas" uniqKey="Jokubauskas M" first="Mantas" last="Jokubauskas">Mantas Jokubauskas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff60"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0575 8750</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.48349.32</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics,</institution></institution-wrap>Kaunas, Lithuania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Lituanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Kaunas</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karamarkovic, Aleksandar" sort="Karamarkovic, Aleksandar" uniqKey="Karamarkovic A" first="Aleksandar" last="Karamarkovic">Aleksandar Karamarkovic</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff61"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2166 9385</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.7149.b</institution-id><institution>Clinic for Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>Faculty of Medicine University of Belgrade,</institution></institution-wrap>Belgrade, Serbia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Serbie</country><wicri:regionArea>Belgrade</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kauhanen, Saila" sort="Kauhanen, Saila" uniqKey="Kauhanen S" first="Saila" last="Kauhanen">Saila Kauhanen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff62"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0628 215X</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.410552.7</institution-id><institution>Division of Digestive Surgery and Urology,</institution><institution>Turku University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Turku, Finland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Turku</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaushik, Robin" sort="Kaushik, Robin" uniqKey="Kaushik R" first="Robin" last="Kaushik">Robin Kaushik</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff51"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1767 2831</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413220.6</institution-id><institution>Surgery,</institution><institution>Government Medical College and Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Chandigarh, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Chandigarh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kavalakat, Alfie" sort="Kavalakat, Alfie" uniqKey="Kavalakat A" first="Alfie" last="Kavalakat">Alfie Kavalakat</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff63"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1802 2603</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.464600.0</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute,</institution></institution-wrap>Thrissur, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Thrissur</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kenig, Jakub" sort="Kenig, Jakub" uniqKey="Kenig J" first="Jakub" last="Kenig">Jakub Kenig</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff64"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2162 9631</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.5522.0</institution-id><institution>3rd Department of General Surgery,</institution><institution>Jagiellonian University Medical College,</institution></institution-wrap>Krakow, Poland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Krakow</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Khokha, Vladimir" sort="Khokha, Vladimir" uniqKey="Khokha V" first="Vladimir" last="Khokha">Vladimir Khokha</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff65">Emergency surgery, City Hospital, Mozyr, Belarus</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Biélorussie</country><wicri:regionArea>Emergency surgery, City Hospital, Mozyr</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Khor, Desmond" sort="Khor, Desmond" uniqKey="Khor D" first="Desmond" last="Khor">Desmond Khor</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff66"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0084 1895</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411409.9</institution-id><institution>Acute Care Surgery,</institution><institution>LAC+USC Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>California, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>California</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Dennis" sort="Kim, Dennis" uniqKey="Kim D" first="Dennis" last="Kim">Dennis Kim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff27"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0157 6501</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.239844.0</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Torrance, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Torrance</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Jae I" sort="Kim, Jae I" uniqKey="Kim J" first="Jae I." last="Kim">Jae I. Kim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff67"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0371 8173</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411633.2</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Goyang, Republic of Korea</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Goyang</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kong, Victor" sort="Kong, Victor" uniqKey="Kong V" first="Victor" last="Kong">Victor Kong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff68"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0576 7753</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414386.c</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Edendale Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Pietermaritzburg, South Africa</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Pietermaritzburg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lasithiotakis, Konstantinos" sort="Lasithiotakis, Konstantinos" uniqKey="Lasithiotakis K" first="Konstantinos" last="Lasithiotakis">Konstantinos Lasithiotakis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff69">General Surgery, Scarborough, York Teaching Hospital, Scarborough, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Scarborough, York Teaching Hospital, Scarborough</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leao, Pedro" sort="Leao, Pedro" uniqKey="Leao P" first="Pedro" last="Leão">Pedro Leão</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff70">General Surgery, Colorectal Unit, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Colorectal Unit, Hospital de Braga, Braga</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leon, Miguel" sort="Leon, Miguel" uniqKey="Leon M" first="Miguel" last="Leon">Miguel Leon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff71"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.419651.e</institution-id><institution>General and Digestive Surgery,</institution><institution>Hospital Fundación Jimenez Diaz,</institution></institution-wrap>Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Madrid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Litvin, Andrey" sort="Litvin, Andrey" uniqKey="Litvin A" first="Andrey" last="Litvin">Andrey Litvin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff72">Surgical Disciplines, Regional Clinical Hospital, Kaliningrad, Russia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgical Disciplines, Regional Clinical Hospital, Kaliningrad</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lohsiriwat, Varut" sort="Lohsiriwat, Varut" uniqKey="Lohsiriwat V" first="Varut" last="Lohsiriwat">Varut Lohsiriwat</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff73"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.416009.a</institution-id><institution>Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University,</institution></institution-wrap>Bangkok, Thailand</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="L Pez Tomassetti Fernandez, Eudaldo" sort="L Pez Tomassetti Fernandez, Eudaldo" uniqKey="L Pez Tomassetti Fernandez E" first="Eudaldo" last="L Pez-Tomassetti Fernandez">Eudaldo L Pez-Tomassetti Fernandez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff74">Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Insular University Hospital of Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Insular University Hospital of Gran Canaria, Las Palmas</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lostoridis, Eftychios" sort="Lostoridis, Eftychios" uniqKey="Lostoridis E" first="Eftychios" last="Lostoridis">Eftychios Lostoridis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff75">1st Department of Surgery, Kavala General Hospital, Kavala, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>1st Department of Surgery, Kavala General Hospital, Kavala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maciel, James" sort="Maciel, James" uniqKey="Maciel J" first="James" last="Maciel">James Maciel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff27"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0157 6501</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.239844.0</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Torrance, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Torrance</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Major, Piotr" sort="Major, Piotr" uniqKey="Major P" first="Piotr" last="Major">Piotr Major</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff76"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2162 9631</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.5522.0</institution-id><institution>2nd Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Jagiellonian University Medical College,</institution></institution-wrap>Krakow, Poland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Krakow</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dimova, Ana" sort="Dimova, Ana" uniqKey="Dimova A" first="Ana" last="Dimova">Ana Dimova</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff77"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0397 9648</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412688.1</institution-id><institution>Clinic of surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,</institution><institution>University Hospital Centre Zagreb,</institution></institution-wrap>Zagreb, Croatia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Croatie</country><wicri:regionArea>Zagreb</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Manatakis, Dimitrios" sort="Manatakis, Dimitrios" uniqKey="Manatakis D" first="Dimitrios" last="Manatakis">Dimitrios Manatakis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff78"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414012.2</institution-id><institution>Surgical Department,</institution><institution>Konstantopouleio General Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Athens, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Athens</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marinis, Athanasio" sort="Marinis, Athanasio" uniqKey="Marinis A" first="Athanasio" last="Marinis">Athanasio Marinis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff79"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.417374.2</institution-id><institution>First Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Tzaneio,</institution></institution-wrap>Piraeus, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Piraeus</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez Perez, Aleix" sort="Martinez Perez, Aleix" uniqKey="Martinez Perez A" first="Aleix" last="Martinez-Perez">Aleix Martinez-Perez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff80"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1770 9825</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411289.7</institution-id><institution>Department of General and Digestive Surgery,</institution><institution>Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset,</institution></institution-wrap>Valencia, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Valencia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marwah, Sanjay" sort="Marwah, Sanjay" uniqKey="Marwah S" first="Sanjay" last="Marwah">Sanjay Marwah</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff81"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1771 1642</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412572.7</institution-id><institution>Department of General Surgery,</institution><institution>Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences,</institution></institution-wrap>Rohtak, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Rohtak</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcfarlane, Michael" sort="Mcfarlane, Michael" uniqKey="Mcfarlane M" first="Michael" last="Mcfarlane">Michael Mcfarlane</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff82"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2322 4996</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.12916.3d</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery, Radiology, Anaesthetics and Intensive Care,</institution><institution>University of the West Indies,</institution></institution-wrap>Kingston, Jamaica</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jamaïque</country><wicri:regionArea>Kingston</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff83"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0500 5353</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412963.b</institution-id><institution>University Hospital of the West Indies,</institution></institution-wrap>Kingston, Jamaica</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jamaïque</country><wicri:regionArea>Kingston</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mesina, Cristian" sort="Mesina, Cristian" uniqKey="Mesina C" first="Cristian" last="Mesina">Cristian Mesina</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff84">Department of Surgery Second Surgical Clinic, Emergency Hospital of Craiova, Craiova, Romania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Roumanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery Second Surgical Clinic, Emergency Hospital of Craiova, Craiova</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="P Dziwiatr, Michal" sort="P Dziwiatr, Michal" uniqKey="P Dziwiatr M" first="Michał" last="P Dziwiatr">Michał P Dziwiatr</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff85"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 1216 0093</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412700.0</institution-id><institution>Department of General Surgery and Emergency Medicine,</institution><institution>University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Kraków, Poland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Kraków</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Michalopoulos, Nickos" sort="Michalopoulos, Nickos" uniqKey="Michalopoulos N" first="Nickos" last="Michalopoulos">Nickos Michalopoulos</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff86"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0576 4544</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411222.6</institution-id><institution>3rd Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Ahepa University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Thessaloniki, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Thessaloniki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Misiakos, Evangelos" sort="Misiakos, Evangelos" uniqKey="Misiakos E" first="Evangelos" last="Misiakos">Evangelos Misiakos</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff87"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2155 0800</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.5216.0</institution-id><institution>3rd Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School,</institution></institution-wrap>Athens, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Athens</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mohamedahmed, Ali" sort="Mohamedahmed, Ali" uniqKey="Mohamedahmed A" first="Ali" last="Mohamedahmed">Ali Mohamedahmed</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff88">General Surgery, Khartoum Teaching Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Soudan</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Khartoum Teaching Hospital, Khartoum</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moldovanu, Radu" sort="Moldovanu, Radu" uniqKey="Moldovanu R" first="Radu" last="Moldovanu">Radu Moldovanu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff89">Department of Visceral, Digestive and Oncologic Surgery, Clinique Sainte Marie, Cambrai, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Visceral, Digestive and Oncologic Surgery, Clinique Sainte Marie, Cambrai</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Montori, Giulia" sort="Montori, Giulia" uniqKey="Montori G" first="Giulia" last="Montori">Giulia Montori</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff6"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1758 8744</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414682.d</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Bufalini Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Cesena, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Cesena</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mysore Narayana, Raghuveer" sort="Mysore Narayana, Raghuveer" uniqKey="Mysore Narayana R" first="Raghuveer" last="Mysore Narayana">Raghuveer Mysore Narayana</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff90">General Surgery, K R Hospital, Mysore, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, K R Hospital, Mysore</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Negoi, Ionut" sort="Negoi, Ionut" uniqKey="Negoi I" first="Ionut" last="Negoi">Ionut Negoi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff91">General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Roumanie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nikolopoulos, Ioannis" sort="Nikolopoulos, Ioannis" uniqKey="Nikolopoulos I" first="Ioannis" last="Nikolopoulos">Ioannis Nikolopoulos</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff92"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.429537.e</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust,</institution></institution-wrap>London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Novelli, Giuseppe" sort="Novelli, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Novelli G" first="Giuseppe" last="Novelli">Giuseppe Novelli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff93"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414614.2</institution-id><institution>General, Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>Infermi Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Rimini, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Rimini</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Novikovs, Viktors" sort="Novikovs, Viktors" uniqKey="Novikovs V" first="Viktors" last="Novikovs">Viktors Novikovs</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff39"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0375 2558</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.488518.8</institution-id><institution>General and Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>Riga East University Hospital “Gailezers”,</institution></institution-wrap>Riga, Latvia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Lettonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Riga</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olaoye, Iyiade" sort="Olaoye, Iyiade" uniqKey="Olaoye I" first="Iyiade" last="Olaoye">Iyiade Olaoye</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff94"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0000 8878 5287</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412975.c</institution-id><institution>Surgery,</institution><institution>University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Ilorin, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Ilorin</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Omari, Abdelkarim" sort="Omari, Abdelkarim" uniqKey="Omari A" first="Abdelkarim" last="Omari">Abdelkarim Omari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff95"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0411 3985</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.460946.9</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>King Abdullah University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Irbid, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Irbid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ordo Ez, Carlos A" sort="Ordo Ez, Carlos A" uniqKey="Ordo Ez C" first="Carlos A." last="Ordo Ez">Carlos A. Ordo Ez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff96"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.477264.4</institution-id><institution>Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Fundación Valle del Lili and Universidad del Valle,</institution></institution-wrap>Cali, Colombia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Colombie</country><wicri:regionArea>Cali</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ouadii, Mouaqit" sort="Ouadii, Mouaqit" uniqKey="Ouadii M" first="Mouaqit" last="Ouadii">Mouaqit Ouadii</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff97">Surgery Departement, Medical School of Fezm, Sidi Mohamed Benabdellah University, Fez, Morocco</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Maroc</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery Departement, Medical School of Fezm, Sidi Mohamed Benabdellah University, Fez</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ozkan, Zeynep" sort="Ozkan, Zeynep" uniqKey="Ozkan Z" first="Zeynep" last="Ozkan">Zeynep Ozkan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff98">General Surgery, Elazig Training and Research Hospital, Elazig, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Elazig Training and Research Hospital, Elazig</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pal, Ajay" sort="Pal, Ajay" uniqKey="Pal A" first="Ajay" last="Pal">Ajay Pal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff99"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0645 6578</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411275.4</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>King George’s Medical University,</institution></institution-wrap>Lucknow, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Lucknow</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Palini, Gian M" sort="Palini, Gian M" uniqKey="Palini G" first="Gian M." last="Palini">Gian M. Palini</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff93"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414614.2</institution-id><institution>General, Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>Infermi Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Rimini, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Rimini</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Partecke, Lars I" sort="Partecke, Lars I" uniqKey="Partecke L" first="Lars I." last="Partecke">Lars I. Partecke</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff100">Surgery, University Hospital, Greifswald, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery, University Hospital, Greifswald</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pata, Francesco" sort="Pata, Francesco" uniqKey="Pata F" first="Francesco" last="Pata">Francesco Pata</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff101">Department of General Surgery, Sant’Antonio Abate Hospital, Gallarate, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of General Surgery, Sant’Antonio Abate Hospital, Gallarate</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="P Dziwiatr, Michal" sort="P Dziwiatr, Michal" uniqKey="P Dziwiatr M" first="Michał" last="P Dziwiatr">Michał P Dziwiatr</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff102"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 1216 0093</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412700.0</institution-id><institution>Department of Emergency Surgery and Trauma Centre,</institution><institution>University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Kraków, Poland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Kraków</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pereira Junior, Gerson A" sort="Pereira Junior, Gerson A" uniqKey="Pereira Junior G" first="Gerson A." last="Pereira Júnior">Gerson A. Pereira Júnior</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff103"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.460710.4</institution-id><institution>Surgery and Anatomy,</institution><institution>Clinics Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Ribeirão Preto, Brazil</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Ribeirão Preto</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pintar, Tadeja" sort="Pintar, Tadeja" uniqKey="Pintar T" first="Tadeja" last="Pintar">Tadeja Pintar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff104"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0571 7705</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.29524.38</institution-id><institution>Abdominal surgery,</institution><institution>UMC Ljubljana,</institution></institution-wrap>Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Slovénie</country><wicri:regionArea>Ljubljana</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pisarska, Magdalena" sort="Pisarska, Magdalena" uniqKey="Pisarska M" first="Magdalena" last="Pisarska">Magdalena Pisarska</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff105"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 1216 0093</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412700.0</institution-id><institution>Department of Endoscopic, Metabolic and Soft Tissue Tumors Surgery,</institution><institution>The University Hospital in Krakow,</institution></institution-wrap>Kraków, Poland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Kraków</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ploneda Valencia, Cesar F" sort="Ploneda Valencia, Cesar F" uniqKey="Ploneda Valencia C" first="Cesar F." last="Ploneda-Valencia">Cesar F. Ploneda-Valencia</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff106"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0432 668X</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.459608.6</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Hospital Civil de Guadalajara “Dr. Juan I. Menchaca”,</institution></institution-wrap>Guadalajara, Mexico</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country><wicri:regionArea>Guadalajara</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pouggouras, Konstantinos" sort="Pouggouras, Konstantinos" uniqKey="Pouggouras K" first="Konstantinos" last="Pouggouras">Konstantinos Pouggouras</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff75">1st Department of Surgery, Kavala General Hospital, Kavala, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>1st Department of Surgery, Kavala General Hospital, Kavala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prabhu, Vinod" sort="Prabhu, Vinod" uniqKey="Prabhu V" first="Vinod" last="Prabhu">Vinod Prabhu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff107"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0503 0903</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411681.b</institution-id><institution>Surgery,</institution><institution>Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College & Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Sangli, Maharashtra India</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Maharashtra India</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramakrishnapillai, Padmakumar" sort="Ramakrishnapillai, Padmakumar" uniqKey="Ramakrishnapillai P" first="Padmakumar" last="Ramakrishnapillai">Padmakumar Ramakrishnapillai</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff108">Laparoscopic and Metabolic Surgery, KIMS Hospital, Cochin, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Laparoscopic and Metabolic Surgery, KIMS Hospital, Cochin</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Regimbeau, Jean Marc" sort="Regimbeau, Jean Marc" uniqKey="Regimbeau J" first="Jean-Marc" last="Regimbeau">Jean-Marc Regimbeau</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff109"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0593 702X</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.134996.0</institution-id><institution>Digestive Surgery,</institution><institution>CHU Amiens-Picardie,</institution></institution-wrap>Amiens, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Amiens</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reitz, Marianne" sort="Reitz, Marianne" uniqKey="Reitz M" first="Marianne" last="Reitz">Marianne Reitz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff110">General Surgery, Hospital Municipal Dr. Jose de Carvalho Florence, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Hospital Municipal Dr. Jose de Carvalho Florence, Sao Jose Dos Campos</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rios Cruz, Daniel" sort="Rios Cruz, Daniel" uniqKey="Rios Cruz D" first="Daniel" last="Rios-Cruz">Daniel Rios-Cruz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff111">General Surgery, Hospital General Regional # 1 I.M.S.S, Cuernavaca, Mexico</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Hospital General Regional # 1 I.M.S.S, Cuernavaca</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saar, Sten" sort="Saar, Sten" uniqKey="Saar S" first="Sten" last="Saar">Sten Saar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff112">Acute Care Surgery, North Estonia Medical Center, Tallinn, Estonia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Estonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Acute Care Surgery, North Estonia Medical Center, Tallinn</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sakakushev, Boris" sort="Sakakushev, Boris" uniqKey="Sakakushev B" first="Boris" last="Sakakushev">Boris Sakakushev</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff113">General Surgery, University Hospital St George, Plovdiv, Bulgaria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Bulgarie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, University Hospital St George, Plovdiv</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seretis, Charalampos" sort="Seretis, Charalampos" uniqKey="Seretis C" first="Charalampos" last="Seretis">Charalampos Seretis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff114"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0399 9948</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.416281.8</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Russells Hall Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Birmingham, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Birmingham</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sazhin, Alexander" sort="Sazhin, Alexander" uniqKey="Sazhin A" first="Alexander" last="Sazhin">Alexander Sazhin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff58">General Surgery, City Hospital #1, Moscow, Russia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, City Hospital #1, Moscow</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shelat, Vishal" sort="Shelat, Vishal" uniqKey="Shelat V" first="Vishal" last="Shelat">Vishal Shelat</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff115"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.240988.f</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Tan Tock Seng Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Singapore, Singapore</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Singapore</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Skrovina, Matej" sort="Skrovina, Matej" uniqKey="Skrovina M" first="Matej" last="Skrovina">Matej Skrovina</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff116">Surgery, Hospital & Oncological Centre Novy Jicin, Novy Jicin, Czech Republic</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery, Hospital & Oncological Centre Novy Jicin, Novy Jicin</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smirnov, Dmitry" sort="Smirnov, Dmitry" uniqKey="Smirnov D" first="Dmitry" last="Smirnov">Dmitry Smirnov</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff117">General Surgery, Clinical Hospital at Chelyabinsk Station OJSC “Russian Railways”, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Clinical Hospital at Chelyabinsk Station OJSC “Russian Railways”, Chelyabinsk</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Spyropoulos, Charalampos" sort="Spyropoulos, Charalampos" uniqKey="Spyropoulos C" first="Charalampos" last="Spyropoulos">Charalampos Spyropoulos</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff118"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.452503.5</institution-id><institution>3rd Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>IASO General Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Athens, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Athens</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strzalka, Marcin" sort="Strzalka, Marcin" uniqKey="Strzalka M" first="Marcin" last="Strzałka">Marcin Strzałka</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff119"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2162 9631</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.5522.0</institution-id><institution>General Surgery and Polytrauma,</institution><institution>University Hospital, Medical College, Jagiellonian University,</institution></institution-wrap>Kraków, Poland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Kraków</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Talving, Peep" sort="Talving, Peep" uniqKey="Talving P" first="Peep" last="Talving">Peep Talving</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff112">Acute Care Surgery, North Estonia Medical Center, Tallinn, Estonia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Estonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Acute Care Surgery, North Estonia Medical Center, Tallinn</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Teixeira Gonsaga, Ricardo A" sort="Teixeira Gonsaga, Ricardo A" uniqKey="Teixeira Gonsaga R" first="Ricardo A." last="Teixeira Gonsaga">Ricardo A. Teixeira Gonsaga</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff120">Cirurgia do Trauma, Hospital Escola Padre Albino, Catanduva, Brazil</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Cirurgia do Trauma, Hospital Escola Padre Albino, Catanduva</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Theobald, George" sort="Theobald, George" uniqKey="Theobald G" first="George" last="Theobald">George Theobald</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0376 6589</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412563.7</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust,</institution></institution-wrap>Birmingham, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Birmingham</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tomadze, Gia" sort="Tomadze, Gia" uniqKey="Tomadze G" first="Gia" last="Tomadze">Gia Tomadze</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff121"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0428 8304</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412274.6</institution-id><institution>Surgery Department #2,</institution><institution>Tbilisi State Medical University,</institution></institution-wrap>Tbilisi, Georgia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Géorgie (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>Tbilisi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Torba, Myftar" sort="Torba, Myftar" uniqKey="Torba M" first="Myftar" last="Torba">Myftar Torba</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff122">General Surgery, Trauma University Hospital, Tirana, Albania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Albanie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Trauma University Hospital, Tirana</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Trana, Cristian" sort="Trana, Cristian" uniqKey="Trana C" first="Cristian" last="Tranà">Cristian Tranà</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Surgery, Macerata Hospital, Macerata, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery, Macerata Hospital, Macerata</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ulrych, Jan" sort="Ulrych, Jan" uniqKey="Ulrych J" first="Jan" last="Ulrych">Jan Ulrych</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff123"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0000 9100 9940</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411798.2</institution-id><institution>1st Department of Surgery—Department of Abdominal Thoracic Surgery and Traumatology,</institution><institution>General University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Prague, Czech Republic</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Prague</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uzuno Lu, Mustafa Y" sort="Uzuno Lu, Mustafa Y" uniqKey="Uzuno Lu M" first="Mustafa Y." last="Uzuno Lu">Mustafa Y. Uzuno Lu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff14"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0680 7823</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.14352.31</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Training and Research Hospital of Mustafa Kemal University,</institution></institution-wrap>Hatay, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Hatay</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vasilescu, Alin" sort="Vasilescu, Alin" uniqKey="Vasilescu A" first="Alin" last="Vasilescu">Alin Vasilescu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff124">First Surgical Clinic, St. Spiridon University Hospital, Iasi, Romania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Roumanie</country><wicri:regionArea>First Surgical Clinic, St. Spiridon University Hospital, Iasi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Occhionorelli, Savino" sort="Occhionorelli, Savino" uniqKey="Occhionorelli S" first="Savino" last="Occhionorelli">Savino Occhionorelli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff125">Emergency Surgery, S. Anna Teaching Hospital, Ferrara, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Emergency Surgery, S. Anna Teaching Hospital, Ferrara</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Venara, Aurelien" sort="Venara, Aurelien" uniqKey="Venara A" first="Aurélien" last="Venara">Aurélien Venara</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff126"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0472 0283</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411147.6</institution-id><institution>Digestive and Endocrinal Surgery,</institution><institution>University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Angers, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Angers</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vereczkei, Andras" sort="Vereczkei, Andras" uniqKey="Vereczkei A" first="Andras" last="Vereczkei">Andras Vereczkei</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff127"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0663 9479</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.9679.1</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Medical School University of Pécs,</institution></institution-wrap>Pécs, Hungary</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Pécs</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vettoretto, Nereo" sort="Vettoretto, Nereo" uniqKey="Vettoretto N" first="Nereo" last="Vettoretto">Nereo Vettoretto</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff128">Surgery, ASTS Spedali Civili Brescia, Montichiari, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery, ASTS Spedali Civili Brescia, Montichiari</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vlad, Nutu" sort="Vlad, Nutu" uniqKey="Vlad N" first="Nutu" last="Vlad">Nutu Vlad</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff124">First Surgical Clinic, St. Spiridon University Hospital, Iasi, Romania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Roumanie</country><wicri:regionArea>First Surgical Clinic, St. Spiridon University Hospital, Iasi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wal Dziak, Maciej" sort="Wal Dziak, Maciej" uniqKey="Wal Dziak M" first="Maciej" last="Wal Dziak">Maciej Wal Dziak</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff129"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0620 0839</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.415641.3</institution-id><institution>Department of General, Oncological, Metabolic and Thoracic Surgery,</institution><institution>Military Institute of Medicine in Warsaw,</institution></institution-wrap>Warsaw, Poland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Warsaw</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yilmaz, Tonguc U" sort="Yilmaz, Tonguc U" uniqKey="Yilmaz T" first="Tonguç U." last="Yilmaz">Tonguç U. Yilmaz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff130"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0691 9040</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411105.0</institution-id><institution>Department of General Surgery,</institution><institution>Kocaeli University,</institution></institution-wrap>Kocaeli, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Kocaeli</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yuan, Kuo Ching" sort="Yuan, Kuo Ching" uniqKey="Yuan K" first="Kuo-Ching" last="Yuan">Kuo-Ching Yuan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff131">Trauma and Emergency Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Taïwan</country><wicri:regionArea>Trauma and Emergency Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yunfeng, Cui" sort="Yunfeng, Cui" uniqKey="Yunfeng C" first="Cui" last="Yunfeng">Cui Yunfeng</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff132"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.417036.7</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Tianjin Nankai Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Tianjin, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Tianjin</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zilinskas, Justas" sort="Zilinskas, Justas" uniqKey="Zilinskas J" first="Justas" last="Zilinskas">Justas Zilinskas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff60"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0575 8750</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.48349.32</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics,</institution></institution-wrap>Kaunas, Lithuania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Lituanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Kaunas</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grelpois, Gerard" sort="Grelpois, Gerard" uniqKey="Grelpois G" first="Gérard" last="Grelpois">Gérard Grelpois</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff109"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0593 702X</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.134996.0</institution-id><institution>Digestive Surgery,</institution><institution>CHU Amiens-Picardie,</institution></institution-wrap>Amiens, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Amiens</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Catena, Fausto" sort="Catena, Fausto" uniqKey="Catena F" first="Fausto" last="Catena">Fausto Catena</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff8"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.469958.f</institution-id><institution>Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>Mansoura University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Mansoura, Egypt</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country><wicri:regionArea>Mansoura</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">29686725</idno><idno type="pmc">5902943</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5902943</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5902943</idno><idno type="doi">10.1186/s13017-018-0179-0</idno><date when="2018">2018</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000084</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000084</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000084</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000084</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000146</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000146</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="RBID">pubmed:29686725</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000355</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000355</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000354</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000354</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000323</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000323</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000456</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000456</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000456</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Prospective Observational Study on acute Appendicitis Worldwide (POSAW)</title><author><name sortKey="Sartelli, Massimo" sort="Sartelli, Massimo" uniqKey="Sartelli M" first="Massimo" last="Sartelli">Massimo Sartelli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Surgery, Macerata Hospital, Macerata, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery, Macerata Hospital, Macerata</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baiocchi, Gian L" sort="Baiocchi, Gian L" uniqKey="Baiocchi G" first="Gian L." last="Baiocchi">Gian L. Baiocchi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff2"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000417571846</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.7637.5</institution-id><institution>Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences,</institution><institution>University of Brescia,</institution></institution-wrap>Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Brescia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Di Saverio, Salomone" sort="Di Saverio, Salomone" uniqKey="Di Saverio S" first="Salomone" last="Di Saverio">Salomone Di Saverio</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1759 7093</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.416290.8</institution-id><institution>Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>Maggiore Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Bologna, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Bologna</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferrara, Francesco" sort="Ferrara, Francesco" uniqKey="Ferrara F" first="Francesco" last="Ferrara">Francesco Ferrara</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff4"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414126.4</institution-id><institution>General Surgery and Polytrauma,</institution><institution>San Carlo Borromeo Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Milan, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Milan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Labricciosa, Francesco M" sort="Labricciosa, Francesco M" uniqKey="Labricciosa F" first="Francesco M." last="Labricciosa">Francesco M. Labricciosa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff5">Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Unit of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, UNIVPM, Ancona, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Unit of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, UNIVPM, Ancona</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ansaloni, Luca" sort="Ansaloni, Luca" uniqKey="Ansaloni L" first="Luca" last="Ansaloni">Luca Ansaloni</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff6"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1758 8744</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414682.d</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Bufalini Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Cesena, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Cesena</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coccolini, Federico" sort="Coccolini, Federico" uniqKey="Coccolini F" first="Federico" last="Coccolini">Federico Coccolini</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff6"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1758 8744</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414682.d</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Bufalini Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Cesena, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Cesena</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vijayan, Deepak" sort="Vijayan, Deepak" uniqKey="Vijayan D" first="Deepak" last="Vijayan">Deepak Vijayan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0376 6589</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412563.7</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust,</institution></institution-wrap>Birmingham, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Birmingham</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abbas, Ashraf" sort="Abbas, Ashraf" uniqKey="Abbas A" first="Ashraf" last="Abbas">Ashraf Abbas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff8"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.469958.f</institution-id><institution>Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>Mansoura University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Mansoura, Egypt</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country><wicri:regionArea>Mansoura</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abongwa, Hariscine K" sort="Abongwa, Hariscine K" uniqKey="Abongwa H" first="Hariscine K." last="Abongwa">Hariscine K. Abongwa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff9"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411482.a</institution-id><institution>Emergency Surgery Unit,</institution><institution>Maggiore University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Parma, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Parma</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agboola, John" sort="Agboola, John" uniqKey="Agboola J" first="John" last="Agboola">John Agboola</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff10">Surgery, Kwara State General Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara Nigeria</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Kwara Nigeria</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ahmed, Adamu" sort="Ahmed, Adamu" uniqKey="Ahmed A" first="Adamu" last="Ahmed">Adamu Ahmed</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff11"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 4688 7583</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413221.7</institution-id><institution>Surgery,</institution><institution>Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria,</institution></institution-wrap>Zaria, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Zaria</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Akhmeteli, Lali" sort="Akhmeteli, Lali" uniqKey="Akhmeteli L" first="Lali" last="Akhmeteli">Lali Akhmeteli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff12">Surgery, First University Clinic, Tbilisi, Georgia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Géorgie (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery, First University Clinic, Tbilisi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Akkapulu, Nezih" sort="Akkapulu, Nezih" uniqKey="Akkapulu N" first="Nezih" last="Akkapulu">Nezih Akkapulu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff13"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 1457 1144</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411548.d</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Baskent Universitesi Adana Eğitim ve Uygulama Hastanesi,</institution></institution-wrap>Adana, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Adana</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Akkucuk, Seckin" sort="Akkucuk, Seckin" uniqKey="Akkucuk S" first="Seckin" last="Akkucuk">Seckin Akkucuk</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff14"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0680 7823</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.14352.31</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Training and Research Hospital of Mustafa Kemal University,</institution></institution-wrap>Hatay, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Hatay</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Altintoprak, Fatih" sort="Altintoprak, Fatih" uniqKey="Altintoprak F" first="Fatih" last="Altintoprak">Fatih Altintoprak</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff15"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0682 3030</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.49746.38</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Sakarya University School of Medicine,</institution></institution-wrap>Sakarya, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Sakarya</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Andreiev, Aurelia L" sort="Andreiev, Aurelia L" uniqKey="Andreiev A" first="Aurelia L." last="Andreiev">Aurelia L. Andreiev</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0376 6589</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412563.7</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust,</institution></institution-wrap>Birmingham, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Birmingham</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Anyfantakis, Dimitrios" sort="Anyfantakis, Dimitrios" uniqKey="Anyfantakis D" first="Dimitrios" last="Anyfantakis">Dimitrios Anyfantakis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff16">Primary Care, Primary Health Care Centre of Kissamos, Chania, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Primary Care, Primary Health Care Centre of Kissamos, Chania</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Atanasov, Boiko" sort="Atanasov, Boiko" uniqKey="Atanasov B" first="Boiko" last="Atanasov">Boiko Atanasov</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff17"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0726 0380</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.35371.33</institution-id><institution>Department of General Surgery,</institution><institution>Medical University of Plovdiv, UMHAT Eurohospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Plovdiv, Bulgaria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Bulgarie</country><wicri:regionArea>Plovdiv</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bala, Miklosh" sort="Bala, Miklosh" uniqKey="Bala M" first="Miklosh" last="Bala">Miklosh Bala</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff18"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2221 2926</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.17788.31</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Hadassah Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Jerusalem, Israel</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>Jerusalem</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Balalis, Dimitrios" sort="Balalis, Dimitrios" uniqKey="Balalis D" first="Dimitrios" last="Balalis">Dimitrios Balalis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff19">Surgical Department, Agios Savvas Anticaner Hospital, Athens, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgical Department, Agios Savvas Anticaner Hospital, Athens</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baraket, Oussama" sort="Baraket, Oussama" uniqKey="Baraket O" first="Oussama" last="Baraket">Oussama Baraket</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff20">General Surgery, Hospital Habib Bouguefa de Bizerte, Bizerte, Tunisia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Tunisie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Hospital Habib Bouguefa de Bizerte, Bizerte</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bellanova, Giovanni" sort="Bellanova, Giovanni" uniqKey="Bellanova G" first="Giovanni" last="Bellanova">Giovanni Bellanova</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff21">General Surgery, S.S. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, S.S. Annunziata Hospital, Taranto</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beltran, Marcelo" sort="Beltran, Marcelo" uniqKey="Beltran M" first="Marcelo" last="Beltran">Marcelo Beltran</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff22">Surgery, Hospital San Juan de Dios de La Serena, La Serena, Chile</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Chili</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery, Hospital San Juan de Dios de La Serena, La Serena</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Melo, Renato Bessa" sort="Melo, Renato Bessa" uniqKey="Melo R" first="Renato Bessa" last="Melo">Renato Bessa Melo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff23"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0000 9375 4688</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414556.7</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Centro Hospitalar São João,</institution></institution-wrap>Porto, Portugal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Porto</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bini, Roberto" sort="Bini, Roberto" uniqKey="Bini R" first="Roberto" last="Bini">Roberto Bini</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff24"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1760 7116</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.415044.0</institution-id><institution>General and Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>San Giovanni Bosco Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Turin, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Turin</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bouliaris, Konstantinos" sort="Bouliaris, Konstantinos" uniqKey="Bouliaris K" first="Konstantinos" last="Bouliaris">Konstantinos Bouliaris</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff25">Surgical Department, General Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgical Department, General Hospital of Larissa, Larissa</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brunelli, Daniele" sort="Brunelli, Daniele" uniqKey="Brunelli D" first="Daniele" last="Brunelli">Daniele Brunelli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff26">Chirurgia, Città di Castello Hospital, Città di Castello, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Chirurgia, Città di Castello Hospital, Città di Castello</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Castillo, Adrian" sort="Castillo, Adrian" uniqKey="Castillo A" first="Adrian" last="Castillo">Adrian Castillo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff27"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0157 6501</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.239844.0</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Torrance, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Torrance</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Catani, Marco" sort="Catani, Marco" uniqKey="Catani M" first="Marco" last="Catani">Marco Catani</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff28"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.7841.a</institution-id><institution>DEA, La Sapienza Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I,</institution></institution-wrap>Rome, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Rome</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Che Jusoh, Asri" sort="Che Jusoh, Asri" uniqKey="Che Jusoh A" first="Asri" last="Che Jusoh">Asri Che Jusoh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff29">General Surgery, Kuala Krai Hospital, Kuala Krai, Kelantan Malaysia</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Kelantan Malaysia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chichom Mefire, Alain" sort="Chichom Mefire, Alain" uniqKey="Chichom Mefire A" first="Alain" last="Chichom-Mefire">Alain Chichom-Mefire</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff30">Surgery and Obstetrics/Gynaecology, Regional Hospital, Limbe, Cameroon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery and Obstetrics/Gynaecology, Regional Hospital, Limbe</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cocorullo, Gianfranco" sort="Cocorullo, Gianfranco" uniqKey="Cocorullo G" first="Gianfranco" last="Cocorullo">Gianfranco Cocorullo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff31"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1756 3088</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412510.3</institution-id><institution>Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone,</institution></institution-wrap>Palermo, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Palermo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coimbra, Raul" sort="Coimbra, Raul" uniqKey="Coimbra R" first="Raul" last="Coimbra">Raul Coimbra</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff32"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2107 4242</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.266100.3</institution-id><institution>Trauma/Acute Care Surgery,</institution><institution>University of California San Diego,</institution></institution-wrap>San Diego, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>San Diego</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Colak, Elif" sort="Colak, Elif" uniqKey="Colak E" first="Elif" last="Colak">Elif Colak</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff33">General Surgery, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Costa, Silvia" sort="Costa, Silvia" uniqKey="Costa S" first="Silvia" last="Costa">Silvia Costa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff34"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0000 8902 4519</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.418336.b</institution-id><institution>Surgery,</institution><institution>CHVNG/E, EPE,</institution></institution-wrap>Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Vila Nova de Gaia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Das, Koray" sort="Das, Koray" uniqKey="Das K" first="Koray" last="Das">Koray Das</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff35"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0642 7670</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413791.9</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Numune Training and Research Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Adana, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Adana</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Delibegovic, Samir" sort="Delibegovic, Samir" uniqKey="Delibegovic S" first="Samir" last="Delibegovic">Samir Delibegovic</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff36"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0682 9061</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412410.2</institution-id><institution>Colorectal Surgery, Clinic for Surgery,</institution><institution>University Clinical Center Tuzla,</institution></institution-wrap>Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Bosnie-Herzégovine</country><wicri:regionArea>Tuzla</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demetrashvili, Zaza" sort="Demetrashvili, Zaza" uniqKey="Demetrashvili Z" first="Zaza" last="Demetrashvili">Zaza Demetrashvili</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff37">Surgery, Kipshidze Central University Hospital, Tbilisi, Georgia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Géorgie (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery, Kipshidze Central University Hospital, Tbilisi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Di Carlo, Isidoro" sort="Di Carlo, Isidoro" uniqKey="Di Carlo I" first="Isidoro" last="Di Carlo">Isidoro Di Carlo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff38"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0637 437X</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413542.5</institution-id><institution>Surgery,</institution><institution>Hamad General Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Doha, Qatar</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Qatar</country><wicri:regionArea>Doha</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kiseleva, Nadezda" sort="Kiseleva, Nadezda" uniqKey="Kiseleva N" first="Nadezda" last="Kiseleva">Nadezda Kiseleva</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff39"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0375 2558</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.488518.8</institution-id><institution>General and Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>Riga East University Hospital “Gailezers”,</institution></institution-wrap>Riga, Latvia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Lettonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Riga</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="El Zalabany, Tamer" sort="El Zalabany, Tamer" uniqKey="El Zalabany T" first="Tamer" last="El Zalabany">Tamer El Zalabany</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff40">General Surgery, Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, Manama, Bahrain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Bahreïn</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, Manama</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faro, Mario" sort="Faro, Mario" uniqKey="Faro M" first="Mario" last="Faro">Mario Faro</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff41"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0643 8839</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412368.a</institution-id><institution>Department of General Surgery, Trauma and Emergency Surgery Division,</institution><institution>ABC Medical School,</institution></institution-wrap>Santo Andreì, SP Brazil</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">SP Brazil</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferreira, Margarida" sort="Ferreira, Margarida" uniqKey="Ferreira M" first="Margarida" last="Ferreira">Margarida Ferreira</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff42"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0000 8563 4416</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414708.e</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Hospital Garcia de Orta,</institution></institution-wrap>Lisbon, Portugal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Lisbon</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fraga, Gustavo P" sort="Fraga, Gustavo P" uniqKey="Fraga G" first="Gustavo P." last="Fraga">Gustavo P. Fraga</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff43"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0723 2494</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411087.b</institution-id><institution>Division of Trauma Surgery, Hospital de Clinicas,</institution><institution>University of Campinas (Unicamp),</institution></institution-wrap>Campinas, Brazil</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Campinas</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gachabayov, Mahir" sort="Gachabayov, Mahir" uniqKey="Gachabayov M" first="Mahir" last="Gachabayov">Mahir Gachabayov</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff44">Department of Abdominal Surgery, Vladimir City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medicine, Vladimir, Russia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Abdominal Surgery, Vladimir City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medicine, Vladimir</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ghnnam, Wagih M" sort="Ghnnam, Wagih M" uniqKey="Ghnnam W" first="Wagih M." last="Ghnnam">Wagih M. Ghnnam</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff45"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000103426662</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.10251.37</institution-id><institution>General Surgery Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine,</institution><institution>Mansoura University,</institution></institution-wrap>Mansoura, Egypt</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country><wicri:regionArea>Mansoura</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gimenez Maurel, Teresa" sort="Gimenez Maurel, Teresa" uniqKey="Gimenez Maurel T" first="Teresa" last="Giménez Maurel">Teresa Giménez Maurel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff46"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0000 9854 2756</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411106.3</institution-id><institution>Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo,</institution><institution>Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet,</institution></institution-wrap>Zaragoza, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Zaragoza</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gkiokas, Georgios" sort="Gkiokas, Georgios" uniqKey="Gkiokas G" first="Georgios" last="Gkiokas">Georgios Gkiokas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff47"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2155 0800</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.5216.0</institution-id><institution>Second Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens,</institution></institution-wrap>Athens, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Athens</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gomes, Carlos A" sort="Gomes, Carlos A" uniqKey="Gomes C" first="Carlos A." last="Gomes">Carlos A. Gomes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff48">Surgery, Therezinha de Jesus University Hospital, Juiz de Fora, Brazil</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery, Therezinha de Jesus University Hospital, Juiz de Fora</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Griffiths, Ewen" sort="Griffiths, Ewen" uniqKey="Griffiths E" first="Ewen" last="Griffiths">Ewen Griffiths</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff49"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0376 6589</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412563.7</institution-id><institution>Upper GI/General Surgery,</institution><institution>University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust,</institution></institution-wrap>Birmingham, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Birmingham</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guner, Ali" sort="Guner, Ali" uniqKey="Guner A" first="Ali" last="Guner">Ali Guner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff50"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2186 0630</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.31564.35</institution-id><institution>Department of General Surgery,</institution><institution>Karadeniz Technical University, Farabi Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Trabzon, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Trabzon</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gupta, Sanjay" sort="Gupta, Sanjay" uniqKey="Gupta S" first="Sanjay" last="Gupta">Sanjay Gupta</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff51"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1767 2831</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413220.6</institution-id><institution>Surgery,</institution><institution>Government Medical College and Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Chandigarh, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Chandigarh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hecker, Andreas" sort="Hecker, Andreas" uniqKey="Hecker A" first="Andreas" last="Hecker">Andreas Hecker</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff52"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0000 8584 9230</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411067.5</institution-id><institution>Department of General and Thoracic Surgery,</institution><institution>University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Giessen, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Giessen</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hirano, Elcio S" sort="Hirano, Elcio S" uniqKey="Hirano E" first="Elcio S." last="Hirano">Elcio S. Hirano</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff43"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0723 2494</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411087.b</institution-id><institution>Division of Trauma Surgery, Hospital de Clinicas,</institution><institution>University of Campinas (Unicamp),</institution></institution-wrap>Campinas, Brazil</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Campinas</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hodonou, Adrien" sort="Hodonou, Adrien" uniqKey="Hodonou A" first="Adrien" last="Hodonou">Adrien Hodonou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff53">Chirurgie, Chud-Borgou/Alibori, Parakou, Benin</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Bénin</country><wicri:regionArea>Chirurgie, Chud-Borgou/Alibori, Parakou</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hutan, Martin" sort="Hutan, Martin" uniqKey="Hutan M" first="Martin" last="Hutan">Martin Hutan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff54">Surgical Department, Landesklinikum Hainburg, Hainburg An Der Donau, Austria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgical Department, Landesklinikum Hainburg, Hainburg An Der Donau</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ioannidis, Orestis" sort="Ioannidis, Orestis" uniqKey="Ioannidis O" first="Orestis" last="Ioannidis">Orestis Ioannidis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff55"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000109457005</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.4793.9</institution-id><institution>4th Surgical Department,</institution><institution>Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,</institution></institution-wrap>Thessaloniki, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Thessaloniki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff56"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414012.2</institution-id><institution>General Hospital “George Papanikoalou”,</institution></institution-wrap>Thessaloniki, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Thessaloniki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Isik, Arda" sort="Isik, Arda" uniqKey="Isik A" first="Arda" last="Isik">Arda Isik</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff57"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 1498 7262</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412176.7</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Erzincan University Mengucek Gazi Training and Research Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Erzincan, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Erzincan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ivakhov, Georgy" sort="Ivakhov, Georgy" uniqKey="Ivakhov G" first="Georgy" last="Ivakhov">Georgy Ivakhov</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff58">General Surgery, City Hospital #1, Moscow, Russia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, City Hospital #1, Moscow</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jain, Sumita" sort="Jain, Sumita" uniqKey="Jain S" first="Sumita" last="Jain">Sumita Jain</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff59"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1767 3615</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.416077.3</institution-id><institution>Surgery,</institution><institution>S M S Medical college,</institution></institution-wrap>Jaipur, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Jaipur</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jokubauskas, Mantas" sort="Jokubauskas, Mantas" uniqKey="Jokubauskas M" first="Mantas" last="Jokubauskas">Mantas Jokubauskas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff60"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0575 8750</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.48349.32</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics,</institution></institution-wrap>Kaunas, Lithuania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Lituanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Kaunas</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karamarkovic, Aleksandar" sort="Karamarkovic, Aleksandar" uniqKey="Karamarkovic A" first="Aleksandar" last="Karamarkovic">Aleksandar Karamarkovic</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff61"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2166 9385</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.7149.b</institution-id><institution>Clinic for Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>Faculty of Medicine University of Belgrade,</institution></institution-wrap>Belgrade, Serbia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Serbie</country><wicri:regionArea>Belgrade</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kauhanen, Saila" sort="Kauhanen, Saila" uniqKey="Kauhanen S" first="Saila" last="Kauhanen">Saila Kauhanen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff62"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0628 215X</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.410552.7</institution-id><institution>Division of Digestive Surgery and Urology,</institution><institution>Turku University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Turku, Finland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Turku</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaushik, Robin" sort="Kaushik, Robin" uniqKey="Kaushik R" first="Robin" last="Kaushik">Robin Kaushik</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff51"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1767 2831</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413220.6</institution-id><institution>Surgery,</institution><institution>Government Medical College and Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Chandigarh, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Chandigarh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kavalakat, Alfie" sort="Kavalakat, Alfie" uniqKey="Kavalakat A" first="Alfie" last="Kavalakat">Alfie Kavalakat</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff63"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1802 2603</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.464600.0</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute,</institution></institution-wrap>Thrissur, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Thrissur</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kenig, Jakub" sort="Kenig, Jakub" uniqKey="Kenig J" first="Jakub" last="Kenig">Jakub Kenig</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff64"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2162 9631</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.5522.0</institution-id><institution>3rd Department of General Surgery,</institution><institution>Jagiellonian University Medical College,</institution></institution-wrap>Krakow, Poland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Krakow</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Khokha, Vladimir" sort="Khokha, Vladimir" uniqKey="Khokha V" first="Vladimir" last="Khokha">Vladimir Khokha</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff65">Emergency surgery, City Hospital, Mozyr, Belarus</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Biélorussie</country><wicri:regionArea>Emergency surgery, City Hospital, Mozyr</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Khor, Desmond" sort="Khor, Desmond" uniqKey="Khor D" first="Desmond" last="Khor">Desmond Khor</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff66"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0084 1895</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411409.9</institution-id><institution>Acute Care Surgery,</institution><institution>LAC+USC Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>California, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>California</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Dennis" sort="Kim, Dennis" uniqKey="Kim D" first="Dennis" last="Kim">Dennis Kim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff27"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0157 6501</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.239844.0</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Torrance, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Torrance</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Jae I" sort="Kim, Jae I" uniqKey="Kim J" first="Jae I." last="Kim">Jae I. Kim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff67"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0371 8173</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411633.2</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Goyang, Republic of Korea</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Goyang</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kong, Victor" sort="Kong, Victor" uniqKey="Kong V" first="Victor" last="Kong">Victor Kong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff68"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0576 7753</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414386.c</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Edendale Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Pietermaritzburg, South Africa</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Pietermaritzburg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lasithiotakis, Konstantinos" sort="Lasithiotakis, Konstantinos" uniqKey="Lasithiotakis K" first="Konstantinos" last="Lasithiotakis">Konstantinos Lasithiotakis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff69">General Surgery, Scarborough, York Teaching Hospital, Scarborough, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Scarborough, York Teaching Hospital, Scarborough</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leao, Pedro" sort="Leao, Pedro" uniqKey="Leao P" first="Pedro" last="Leão">Pedro Leão</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff70">General Surgery, Colorectal Unit, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Colorectal Unit, Hospital de Braga, Braga</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leon, Miguel" sort="Leon, Miguel" uniqKey="Leon M" first="Miguel" last="Leon">Miguel Leon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff71"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.419651.e</institution-id><institution>General and Digestive Surgery,</institution><institution>Hospital Fundación Jimenez Diaz,</institution></institution-wrap>Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Madrid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Litvin, Andrey" sort="Litvin, Andrey" uniqKey="Litvin A" first="Andrey" last="Litvin">Andrey Litvin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff72">Surgical Disciplines, Regional Clinical Hospital, Kaliningrad, Russia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgical Disciplines, Regional Clinical Hospital, Kaliningrad</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lohsiriwat, Varut" sort="Lohsiriwat, Varut" uniqKey="Lohsiriwat V" first="Varut" last="Lohsiriwat">Varut Lohsiriwat</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff73"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.416009.a</institution-id><institution>Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University,</institution></institution-wrap>Bangkok, Thailand</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Bangkok</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="L Pez Tomassetti Fernandez, Eudaldo" sort="L Pez Tomassetti Fernandez, Eudaldo" uniqKey="L Pez Tomassetti Fernandez E" first="Eudaldo" last="L Pez-Tomassetti Fernandez">Eudaldo L Pez-Tomassetti Fernandez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff74">Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Insular University Hospital of Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Insular University Hospital of Gran Canaria, Las Palmas</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lostoridis, Eftychios" sort="Lostoridis, Eftychios" uniqKey="Lostoridis E" first="Eftychios" last="Lostoridis">Eftychios Lostoridis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff75">1st Department of Surgery, Kavala General Hospital, Kavala, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>1st Department of Surgery, Kavala General Hospital, Kavala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maciel, James" sort="Maciel, James" uniqKey="Maciel J" first="James" last="Maciel">James Maciel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff27"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0157 6501</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.239844.0</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,</institution></institution-wrap>Torrance, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Torrance</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Major, Piotr" sort="Major, Piotr" uniqKey="Major P" first="Piotr" last="Major">Piotr Major</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff76"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2162 9631</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.5522.0</institution-id><institution>2nd Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Jagiellonian University Medical College,</institution></institution-wrap>Krakow, Poland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Krakow</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dimova, Ana" sort="Dimova, Ana" uniqKey="Dimova A" first="Ana" last="Dimova">Ana Dimova</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff77"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0397 9648</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412688.1</institution-id><institution>Clinic of surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,</institution><institution>University Hospital Centre Zagreb,</institution></institution-wrap>Zagreb, Croatia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Croatie</country><wicri:regionArea>Zagreb</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Manatakis, Dimitrios" sort="Manatakis, Dimitrios" uniqKey="Manatakis D" first="Dimitrios" last="Manatakis">Dimitrios Manatakis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff78"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414012.2</institution-id><institution>Surgical Department,</institution><institution>Konstantopouleio General Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Athens, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Athens</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marinis, Athanasio" sort="Marinis, Athanasio" uniqKey="Marinis A" first="Athanasio" last="Marinis">Athanasio Marinis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff79"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.417374.2</institution-id><institution>First Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Tzaneio,</institution></institution-wrap>Piraeus, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Piraeus</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez Perez, Aleix" sort="Martinez Perez, Aleix" uniqKey="Martinez Perez A" first="Aleix" last="Martinez-Perez">Aleix Martinez-Perez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff80"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1770 9825</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411289.7</institution-id><institution>Department of General and Digestive Surgery,</institution><institution>Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset,</institution></institution-wrap>Valencia, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Valencia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marwah, Sanjay" sort="Marwah, Sanjay" uniqKey="Marwah S" first="Sanjay" last="Marwah">Sanjay Marwah</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff81"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1771 1642</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412572.7</institution-id><institution>Department of General Surgery,</institution><institution>Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences,</institution></institution-wrap>Rohtak, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Rohtak</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcfarlane, Michael" sort="Mcfarlane, Michael" uniqKey="Mcfarlane M" first="Michael" last="Mcfarlane">Michael Mcfarlane</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff82"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2322 4996</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.12916.3d</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery, Radiology, Anaesthetics and Intensive Care,</institution><institution>University of the West Indies,</institution></institution-wrap>Kingston, Jamaica</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jamaïque</country><wicri:regionArea>Kingston</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff83"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0500 5353</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412963.b</institution-id><institution>University Hospital of the West Indies,</institution></institution-wrap>Kingston, Jamaica</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jamaïque</country><wicri:regionArea>Kingston</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mesina, Cristian" sort="Mesina, Cristian" uniqKey="Mesina C" first="Cristian" last="Mesina">Cristian Mesina</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff84">Department of Surgery Second Surgical Clinic, Emergency Hospital of Craiova, Craiova, Romania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Roumanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery Second Surgical Clinic, Emergency Hospital of Craiova, Craiova</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="P Dziwiatr, Michal" sort="P Dziwiatr, Michal" uniqKey="P Dziwiatr M" first="Michał" last="P Dziwiatr">Michał P Dziwiatr</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff85"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 1216 0093</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412700.0</institution-id><institution>Department of General Surgery and Emergency Medicine,</institution><institution>University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Kraków, Poland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Kraków</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Michalopoulos, Nickos" sort="Michalopoulos, Nickos" uniqKey="Michalopoulos N" first="Nickos" last="Michalopoulos">Nickos Michalopoulos</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff86"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0576 4544</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411222.6</institution-id><institution>3rd Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Ahepa University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Thessaloniki, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Thessaloniki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Misiakos, Evangelos" sort="Misiakos, Evangelos" uniqKey="Misiakos E" first="Evangelos" last="Misiakos">Evangelos Misiakos</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff87"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2155 0800</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.5216.0</institution-id><institution>3rd Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School,</institution></institution-wrap>Athens, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Athens</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mohamedahmed, Ali" sort="Mohamedahmed, Ali" uniqKey="Mohamedahmed A" first="Ali" last="Mohamedahmed">Ali Mohamedahmed</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff88">General Surgery, Khartoum Teaching Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Soudan</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Khartoum Teaching Hospital, Khartoum</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moldovanu, Radu" sort="Moldovanu, Radu" uniqKey="Moldovanu R" first="Radu" last="Moldovanu">Radu Moldovanu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff89">Department of Visceral, Digestive and Oncologic Surgery, Clinique Sainte Marie, Cambrai, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Visceral, Digestive and Oncologic Surgery, Clinique Sainte Marie, Cambrai</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Montori, Giulia" sort="Montori, Giulia" uniqKey="Montori G" first="Giulia" last="Montori">Giulia Montori</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff6"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1758 8744</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414682.d</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Bufalini Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Cesena, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Cesena</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mysore Narayana, Raghuveer" sort="Mysore Narayana, Raghuveer" uniqKey="Mysore Narayana R" first="Raghuveer" last="Mysore Narayana">Raghuveer Mysore Narayana</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff90">General Surgery, K R Hospital, Mysore, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, K R Hospital, Mysore</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Negoi, Ionut" sort="Negoi, Ionut" uniqKey="Negoi I" first="Ionut" last="Negoi">Ionut Negoi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff91">General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Roumanie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nikolopoulos, Ioannis" sort="Nikolopoulos, Ioannis" uniqKey="Nikolopoulos I" first="Ioannis" last="Nikolopoulos">Ioannis Nikolopoulos</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff92"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.429537.e</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust,</institution></institution-wrap>London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Novelli, Giuseppe" sort="Novelli, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Novelli G" first="Giuseppe" last="Novelli">Giuseppe Novelli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff93"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414614.2</institution-id><institution>General, Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>Infermi Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Rimini, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Rimini</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Novikovs, Viktors" sort="Novikovs, Viktors" uniqKey="Novikovs V" first="Viktors" last="Novikovs">Viktors Novikovs</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff39"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0375 2558</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.488518.8</institution-id><institution>General and Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>Riga East University Hospital “Gailezers”,</institution></institution-wrap>Riga, Latvia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Lettonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Riga</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olaoye, Iyiade" sort="Olaoye, Iyiade" uniqKey="Olaoye I" first="Iyiade" last="Olaoye">Iyiade Olaoye</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff94"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0000 8878 5287</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412975.c</institution-id><institution>Surgery,</institution><institution>University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Ilorin, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Ilorin</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Omari, Abdelkarim" sort="Omari, Abdelkarim" uniqKey="Omari A" first="Abdelkarim" last="Omari">Abdelkarim Omari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff95"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0411 3985</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.460946.9</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>King Abdullah University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Irbid, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Irbid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ordo Ez, Carlos A" sort="Ordo Ez, Carlos A" uniqKey="Ordo Ez C" first="Carlos A." last="Ordo Ez">Carlos A. Ordo Ez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff96"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.477264.4</institution-id><institution>Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Fundación Valle del Lili and Universidad del Valle,</institution></institution-wrap>Cali, Colombia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Colombie</country><wicri:regionArea>Cali</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ouadii, Mouaqit" sort="Ouadii, Mouaqit" uniqKey="Ouadii M" first="Mouaqit" last="Ouadii">Mouaqit Ouadii</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff97">Surgery Departement, Medical School of Fezm, Sidi Mohamed Benabdellah University, Fez, Morocco</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Maroc</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery Departement, Medical School of Fezm, Sidi Mohamed Benabdellah University, Fez</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ozkan, Zeynep" sort="Ozkan, Zeynep" uniqKey="Ozkan Z" first="Zeynep" last="Ozkan">Zeynep Ozkan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff98">General Surgery, Elazig Training and Research Hospital, Elazig, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Elazig Training and Research Hospital, Elazig</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pal, Ajay" sort="Pal, Ajay" uniqKey="Pal A" first="Ajay" last="Pal">Ajay Pal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff99"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0645 6578</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411275.4</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>King George’s Medical University,</institution></institution-wrap>Lucknow, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Lucknow</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Palini, Gian M" sort="Palini, Gian M" uniqKey="Palini G" first="Gian M." last="Palini">Gian M. Palini</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff93"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.414614.2</institution-id><institution>General, Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>Infermi Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Rimini, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Rimini</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Partecke, Lars I" sort="Partecke, Lars I" uniqKey="Partecke L" first="Lars I." last="Partecke">Lars I. Partecke</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff100">Surgery, University Hospital, Greifswald, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery, University Hospital, Greifswald</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pata, Francesco" sort="Pata, Francesco" uniqKey="Pata F" first="Francesco" last="Pata">Francesco Pata</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff101">Department of General Surgery, Sant’Antonio Abate Hospital, Gallarate, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of General Surgery, Sant’Antonio Abate Hospital, Gallarate</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="P Dziwiatr, Michal" sort="P Dziwiatr, Michal" uniqKey="P Dziwiatr M" first="Michał" last="P Dziwiatr">Michał P Dziwiatr</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff102"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 1216 0093</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412700.0</institution-id><institution>Department of Emergency Surgery and Trauma Centre,</institution><institution>University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Kraków, Poland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Kraków</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pereira Junior, Gerson A" sort="Pereira Junior, Gerson A" uniqKey="Pereira Junior G" first="Gerson A." last="Pereira Júnior">Gerson A. Pereira Júnior</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff103"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.460710.4</institution-id><institution>Surgery and Anatomy,</institution><institution>Clinics Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Ribeirão Preto, Brazil</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Ribeirão Preto</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pintar, Tadeja" sort="Pintar, Tadeja" uniqKey="Pintar T" first="Tadeja" last="Pintar">Tadeja Pintar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff104"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0571 7705</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.29524.38</institution-id><institution>Abdominal surgery,</institution><institution>UMC Ljubljana,</institution></institution-wrap>Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Slovénie</country><wicri:regionArea>Ljubljana</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pisarska, Magdalena" sort="Pisarska, Magdalena" uniqKey="Pisarska M" first="Magdalena" last="Pisarska">Magdalena Pisarska</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff105"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 1216 0093</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412700.0</institution-id><institution>Department of Endoscopic, Metabolic and Soft Tissue Tumors Surgery,</institution><institution>The University Hospital in Krakow,</institution></institution-wrap>Kraków, Poland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Kraków</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ploneda Valencia, Cesar F" sort="Ploneda Valencia, Cesar F" uniqKey="Ploneda Valencia C" first="Cesar F." last="Ploneda-Valencia">Cesar F. Ploneda-Valencia</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff106"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0432 668X</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.459608.6</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Hospital Civil de Guadalajara “Dr. Juan I. Menchaca”,</institution></institution-wrap>Guadalajara, Mexico</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country><wicri:regionArea>Guadalajara</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pouggouras, Konstantinos" sort="Pouggouras, Konstantinos" uniqKey="Pouggouras K" first="Konstantinos" last="Pouggouras">Konstantinos Pouggouras</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff75">1st Department of Surgery, Kavala General Hospital, Kavala, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>1st Department of Surgery, Kavala General Hospital, Kavala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prabhu, Vinod" sort="Prabhu, Vinod" uniqKey="Prabhu V" first="Vinod" last="Prabhu">Vinod Prabhu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff107"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0503 0903</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411681.b</institution-id><institution>Surgery,</institution><institution>Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College & Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Sangli, Maharashtra India</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Maharashtra India</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramakrishnapillai, Padmakumar" sort="Ramakrishnapillai, Padmakumar" uniqKey="Ramakrishnapillai P" first="Padmakumar" last="Ramakrishnapillai">Padmakumar Ramakrishnapillai</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff108">Laparoscopic and Metabolic Surgery, KIMS Hospital, Cochin, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Laparoscopic and Metabolic Surgery, KIMS Hospital, Cochin</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Regimbeau, Jean Marc" sort="Regimbeau, Jean Marc" uniqKey="Regimbeau J" first="Jean-Marc" last="Regimbeau">Jean-Marc Regimbeau</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff109"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0593 702X</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.134996.0</institution-id><institution>Digestive Surgery,</institution><institution>CHU Amiens-Picardie,</institution></institution-wrap>Amiens, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Amiens</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reitz, Marianne" sort="Reitz, Marianne" uniqKey="Reitz M" first="Marianne" last="Reitz">Marianne Reitz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff110">General Surgery, Hospital Municipal Dr. Jose de Carvalho Florence, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Hospital Municipal Dr. Jose de Carvalho Florence, Sao Jose Dos Campos</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rios Cruz, Daniel" sort="Rios Cruz, Daniel" uniqKey="Rios Cruz D" first="Daniel" last="Rios-Cruz">Daniel Rios-Cruz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff111">General Surgery, Hospital General Regional # 1 I.M.S.S, Cuernavaca, Mexico</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Hospital General Regional # 1 I.M.S.S, Cuernavaca</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saar, Sten" sort="Saar, Sten" uniqKey="Saar S" first="Sten" last="Saar">Sten Saar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff112">Acute Care Surgery, North Estonia Medical Center, Tallinn, Estonia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Estonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Acute Care Surgery, North Estonia Medical Center, Tallinn</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sakakushev, Boris" sort="Sakakushev, Boris" uniqKey="Sakakushev B" first="Boris" last="Sakakushev">Boris Sakakushev</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff113">General Surgery, University Hospital St George, Plovdiv, Bulgaria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Bulgarie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, University Hospital St George, Plovdiv</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seretis, Charalampos" sort="Seretis, Charalampos" uniqKey="Seretis C" first="Charalampos" last="Seretis">Charalampos Seretis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff114"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0399 9948</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.416281.8</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Russells Hall Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Birmingham, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Birmingham</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sazhin, Alexander" sort="Sazhin, Alexander" uniqKey="Sazhin A" first="Alexander" last="Sazhin">Alexander Sazhin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff58">General Surgery, City Hospital #1, Moscow, Russia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, City Hospital #1, Moscow</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shelat, Vishal" sort="Shelat, Vishal" uniqKey="Shelat V" first="Vishal" last="Shelat">Vishal Shelat</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff115"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.240988.f</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Tan Tock Seng Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Singapore, Singapore</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Singapore</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Skrovina, Matej" sort="Skrovina, Matej" uniqKey="Skrovina M" first="Matej" last="Skrovina">Matej Skrovina</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff116">Surgery, Hospital & Oncological Centre Novy Jicin, Novy Jicin, Czech Republic</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery, Hospital & Oncological Centre Novy Jicin, Novy Jicin</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smirnov, Dmitry" sort="Smirnov, Dmitry" uniqKey="Smirnov D" first="Dmitry" last="Smirnov">Dmitry Smirnov</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff117">General Surgery, Clinical Hospital at Chelyabinsk Station OJSC “Russian Railways”, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Clinical Hospital at Chelyabinsk Station OJSC “Russian Railways”, Chelyabinsk</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Spyropoulos, Charalampos" sort="Spyropoulos, Charalampos" uniqKey="Spyropoulos C" first="Charalampos" last="Spyropoulos">Charalampos Spyropoulos</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff118"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.452503.5</institution-id><institution>3rd Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>IASO General Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Athens, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Athens</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strzalka, Marcin" sort="Strzalka, Marcin" uniqKey="Strzalka M" first="Marcin" last="Strzałka">Marcin Strzałka</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff119"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2162 9631</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.5522.0</institution-id><institution>General Surgery and Polytrauma,</institution><institution>University Hospital, Medical College, Jagiellonian University,</institution></institution-wrap>Kraków, Poland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Kraków</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Talving, Peep" sort="Talving, Peep" uniqKey="Talving P" first="Peep" last="Talving">Peep Talving</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff112">Acute Care Surgery, North Estonia Medical Center, Tallinn, Estonia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Estonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Acute Care Surgery, North Estonia Medical Center, Tallinn</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Teixeira Gonsaga, Ricardo A" sort="Teixeira Gonsaga, Ricardo A" uniqKey="Teixeira Gonsaga R" first="Ricardo A." last="Teixeira Gonsaga">Ricardo A. Teixeira Gonsaga</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff120">Cirurgia do Trauma, Hospital Escola Padre Albino, Catanduva, Brazil</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Cirurgia do Trauma, Hospital Escola Padre Albino, Catanduva</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Theobald, George" sort="Theobald, George" uniqKey="Theobald G" first="George" last="Theobald">George Theobald</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0376 6589</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412563.7</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust,</institution></institution-wrap>Birmingham, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Birmingham</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tomadze, Gia" sort="Tomadze, Gia" uniqKey="Tomadze G" first="Gia" last="Tomadze">Gia Tomadze</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff121"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0428 8304</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.412274.6</institution-id><institution>Surgery Department #2,</institution><institution>Tbilisi State Medical University,</institution></institution-wrap>Tbilisi, Georgia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Géorgie (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>Tbilisi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Torba, Myftar" sort="Torba, Myftar" uniqKey="Torba M" first="Myftar" last="Torba">Myftar Torba</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff122">General Surgery, Trauma University Hospital, Tirana, Albania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Albanie</country><wicri:regionArea>General Surgery, Trauma University Hospital, Tirana</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Trana, Cristian" sort="Trana, Cristian" uniqKey="Trana C" first="Cristian" last="Tranà">Cristian Tranà</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Surgery, Macerata Hospital, Macerata, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery, Macerata Hospital, Macerata</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ulrych, Jan" sort="Ulrych, Jan" uniqKey="Ulrych J" first="Jan" last="Ulrych">Jan Ulrych</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff123"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0000 9100 9940</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411798.2</institution-id><institution>1st Department of Surgery—Department of Abdominal Thoracic Surgery and Traumatology,</institution><institution>General University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Prague, Czech Republic</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Prague</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uzuno Lu, Mustafa Y" sort="Uzuno Lu, Mustafa Y" uniqKey="Uzuno Lu M" first="Mustafa Y." last="Uzuno Lu">Mustafa Y. Uzuno Lu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff14"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0680 7823</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.14352.31</institution-id><institution>General Surgery,</institution><institution>Training and Research Hospital of Mustafa Kemal University,</institution></institution-wrap>Hatay, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Hatay</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vasilescu, Alin" sort="Vasilescu, Alin" uniqKey="Vasilescu A" first="Alin" last="Vasilescu">Alin Vasilescu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff124">First Surgical Clinic, St. Spiridon University Hospital, Iasi, Romania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Roumanie</country><wicri:regionArea>First Surgical Clinic, St. Spiridon University Hospital, Iasi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Occhionorelli, Savino" sort="Occhionorelli, Savino" uniqKey="Occhionorelli S" first="Savino" last="Occhionorelli">Savino Occhionorelli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff125">Emergency Surgery, S. Anna Teaching Hospital, Ferrara, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Emergency Surgery, S. Anna Teaching Hospital, Ferrara</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Venara, Aurelien" sort="Venara, Aurelien" uniqKey="Venara A" first="Aurélien" last="Venara">Aurélien Venara</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff126"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0472 0283</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411147.6</institution-id><institution>Digestive and Endocrinal Surgery,</institution><institution>University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Angers, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Angers</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vereczkei, Andras" sort="Vereczkei, Andras" uniqKey="Vereczkei A" first="Andras" last="Vereczkei">Andras Vereczkei</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff127"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0663 9479</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.9679.1</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Medical School University of Pécs,</institution></institution-wrap>Pécs, Hungary</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Pécs</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vettoretto, Nereo" sort="Vettoretto, Nereo" uniqKey="Vettoretto N" first="Nereo" last="Vettoretto">Nereo Vettoretto</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff128">Surgery, ASTS Spedali Civili Brescia, Montichiari, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgery, ASTS Spedali Civili Brescia, Montichiari</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vlad, Nutu" sort="Vlad, Nutu" uniqKey="Vlad N" first="Nutu" last="Vlad">Nutu Vlad</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff124">First Surgical Clinic, St. Spiridon University Hospital, Iasi, Romania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Roumanie</country><wicri:regionArea>First Surgical Clinic, St. Spiridon University Hospital, Iasi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wal Dziak, Maciej" sort="Wal Dziak, Maciej" uniqKey="Wal Dziak M" first="Maciej" last="Wal Dziak">Maciej Wal Dziak</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff129"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0620 0839</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.415641.3</institution-id><institution>Department of General, Oncological, Metabolic and Thoracic Surgery,</institution><institution>Military Institute of Medicine in Warsaw,</institution></institution-wrap>Warsaw, Poland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Warsaw</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yilmaz, Tonguc U" sort="Yilmaz, Tonguc U" uniqKey="Yilmaz T" first="Tonguç U." last="Yilmaz">Tonguç U. Yilmaz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff130"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0691 9040</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411105.0</institution-id><institution>Department of General Surgery,</institution><institution>Kocaeli University,</institution></institution-wrap>Kocaeli, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Kocaeli</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yuan, Kuo Ching" sort="Yuan, Kuo Ching" uniqKey="Yuan K" first="Kuo-Ching" last="Yuan">Kuo-Ching Yuan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff131">Trauma and Emergency Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Taïwan</country><wicri:regionArea>Trauma and Emergency Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yunfeng, Cui" sort="Yunfeng, Cui" uniqKey="Yunfeng C" first="Cui" last="Yunfeng">Cui Yunfeng</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff132"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.417036.7</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Tianjin Nankai Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Tianjin, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Tianjin</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zilinskas, Justas" sort="Zilinskas, Justas" uniqKey="Zilinskas J" first="Justas" last="Zilinskas">Justas Zilinskas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff60"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0575 8750</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.48349.32</institution-id><institution>Department of Surgery,</institution><institution>Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics,</institution></institution-wrap>Kaunas, Lithuania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Lituanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Kaunas</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grelpois, Gerard" sort="Grelpois, Gerard" uniqKey="Grelpois G" first="Gérard" last="Grelpois">Gérard Grelpois</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff109"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0593 702X</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.134996.0</institution-id><institution>Digestive Surgery,</institution><institution>CHU Amiens-Picardie,</institution></institution-wrap>Amiens, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Amiens</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Catena, Fausto" sort="Catena, Fausto" uniqKey="Catena F" first="Fausto" last="Catena">Fausto Catena</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff8"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.469958.f</institution-id><institution>Emergency Surgery,</institution><institution>Mansoura University Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Mansoura, Egypt</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country><wicri:regionArea>Mansoura</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">World Journal of Emergency Surgery : WJES</title><idno type="eISSN">1749-7922</idno><imprint><date when="2018">2018</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Acute Disease (therapy)</term><term>Adult (MeSH)</term><term>Appendectomy (adverse effects)</term><term>Appendectomy (methods)</term><term>Appendectomy (standards)</term><term>Appendicitis (surgery)</term><term>Chi-Square Distribution (MeSH)</term><term>Female (MeSH)</term><term>Hospitalization (statistics & numerical data)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Laparoscopy (methods)</term><term>Laparoscopy (statistics & numerical data)</term><term>Length of Stay (statistics & numerical data)</term><term>Logistic Models (MeSH)</term><term>Male (MeSH)</term><term>Prospective Studies (MeSH)</term><term>Tomography, X-Ray Computed (methods)</term><term>Treatment Outcome (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Appendicectomie (effets indésirables)</term><term>Appendicectomie (méthodes)</term><term>Appendicectomie (normes)</term><term>Appendicite (chirurgie)</term><term>Durée du séjour (statistiques et données numériques)</term><term>Femelle (MeSH)</term><term>Hospitalisation (statistiques et données numériques)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Laparoscopie (méthodes)</term><term>Laparoscopie (statistiques et données numériques)</term><term>Loi du khi-deux (MeSH)</term><term>Maladie aigüe (thérapie)</term><term>Modèles logistiques (MeSH)</term><term>Mâle (MeSH)</term><term>Résultat thérapeutique (MeSH)</term><term>Tomodensitométrie (méthodes)</term><term>Études prospectives (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="adverse effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Appendectomy</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="chirurgie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Appendicite</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="effets indésirables" xml:lang="fr"><term>Appendicectomie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Appendectomy</term><term>Laparoscopy</term><term>Tomography, X-Ray Computed</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="méthodes" xml:lang="fr"><term>Appendicectomie</term><term>Laparoscopie</term><term>Tomodensitométrie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="normes" xml:lang="fr"><term>Appendicectomie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="standards" xml:lang="en"><term>Appendectomy</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistics & numerical data" xml:lang="en"><term>Hospitalization</term><term>Laparoscopy</term><term>Length of Stay</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistiques et données numériques" xml:lang="fr"><term>Durée du séjour</term><term>Hospitalisation</term><term>Laparoscopie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="surgery" xml:lang="en"><term>Appendicitis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Acute Disease</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="thérapie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Maladie aigüe</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Chi-Square Distribution</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Logistic Models</term><term>Male</term><term>Prospective Studies</term><term>Treatment Outcome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Loi du khi-deux</term><term>Modèles logistiques</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Résultat thérapeutique</term><term>Études prospectives</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p id="Par1">Acute appendicitis (AA) is the most common surgical disease, and appendectomy is the treatment of choice in the majority of cases. A correct diagnosis is key for decreasing the negative appendectomy rate. The management can become difficult in case of complicated appendicitis. The aim of this study is to describe the worldwide clinical and diagnostic work-up and management of AA in surgical departments.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p id="Par2">This prospective multicenter observational study was performed in 116 worldwide surgical departments from 44 countries over a 6-month period (April 1, 2016–September 30, 2016). All consecutive patients admitted to surgical departments with a clinical diagnosis of AA were included in the study.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p id="Par3">A total of 4282 patients were enrolled in the POSAW study, 1928 (45%) women and 2354 (55%) men, with a median age of 29 years. Nine hundred and seven (21.2%) patients underwent an abdominal CT scan, 1856 (43.3%) patients an US, and 285 (6.7%) patients both CT scan and US. A total of 4097 (95.7%) patients underwent surgery; 1809 (42.2%) underwent open appendectomy and 2215 (51.7%) had laparoscopic appendectomy. One hundred eighty-five (4.3%) patients were managed conservatively. Major complications occurred in 199 patients (4.6%). The overall mortality rate was 0.28%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p id="Par4">The results of the present study confirm the clinical value of imaging techniques and prognostic scores. Appendectomy remains the most effective treatment of acute appendicitis. 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X" uniqKey="Li X">X Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, J" uniqKey="Zhang J">J Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sang, L" uniqKey="Sang L">L Sang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, W" uniqKey="Zhang W">W Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chu, Z" uniqKey="Chu Z">Z Chu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, X" uniqKey="Li X">X Li</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Emil, S" uniqKey="Emil S">S Emil</name></author><author><name sortKey="Elkady, S" uniqKey="Elkady S">S Elkady</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shbat, L" uniqKey="Shbat L">L Shbat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Youssef, F" uniqKey="Youssef F">F Youssef</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baird, R" uniqKey="Baird R">R Baird</name></author><author><name sortKey="Laberge, Jm" uniqKey="Laberge J">JM Laberge</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Isaksson, K" uniqKey="Isaksson K">K Isaksson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Montgomery, A" uniqKey="Montgomery A">A Montgomery</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moberg, Ac" uniqKey="Moberg A">AC Moberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Andersson, R" uniqKey="Andersson R">R Andersson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tingstedt, B" uniqKey="Tingstedt B">B Tingstedt</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gandaglia, G" uniqKey="Gandaglia G">G Gandaglia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ghani, Kr" uniqKey="Ghani K">KR Ghani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sood, A" uniqKey="Sood A">A Sood</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meyers, Jr" uniqKey="Meyers J">JR Meyers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sammon, Jd" uniqKey="Sammon J">JD Sammon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schmid, M" uniqKey="Schmid M">M Schmid</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Advani, V" uniqKey="Advani V">V Advani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ahad, S" uniqKey="Ahad S">S Ahad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gonczy, C" uniqKey="Gonczy C">C Gonczy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Markwell, S" uniqKey="Markwell S">S Markwell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hassan, I" uniqKey="Hassan I">I Hassan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kanona, H" uniqKey="Kanona H">H Kanona</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Samaraee, A" uniqKey="Al Samaraee A">A Al Samaraee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nice, C" uniqKey="Nice C">C Nice</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhattacharya, V" uniqKey="Bhattacharya V">V Bhattacharya</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bucher, P" uniqKey="Bucher P">P Bucher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mathe, Z" uniqKey="Mathe Z">Z Mathe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Demirag, A" uniqKey="Demirag A">A Demirag</name></author><author><name sortKey="Morel, P" uniqKey="Morel P">P Morel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ma, Kw" uniqKey="Ma K">KW Ma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chia, Nh" uniqKey="Chia N">NH Chia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yeung, Hw" uniqKey="Yeung H">HW Yeung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cheung, Mt" uniqKey="Cheung M">MT Cheung</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ceresoli, M" uniqKey="Ceresoli M">M Ceresoli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zucchi, A" uniqKey="Zucchi A">A Zucchi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Allievi, N" uniqKey="Allievi N">N Allievi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Harbi, A" uniqKey="Harbi A">A Harbi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pisano, M" uniqKey="Pisano M">M Pisano</name></author><author><name sortKey="Montori, G" uniqKey="Montori G">G Montori</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Afrique du Sud</li><li>Albanie</li><li>Allemagne</li><li>Autriche</li><li>Bahreïn</li><li>Biélorussie</li><li>Bosnie-Herzégovine</li><li>Brésil</li><li>Bulgarie</li><li>Bénin</li><li>Cameroun</li><li>Chili</li><li>Colombie</li><li>Corée du Sud</li><li>Croatie</li><li>Espagne</li><li>Estonie</li><li>Finlande</li><li>France</li><li>Grèce</li><li>Géorgie (pays)</li><li>Hongrie</li><li>Inde</li><li>Israël</li><li>Italie</li><li>Jamaïque</li><li>Jordanie</li><li>Lettonie</li><li>Lituanie</li><li>Maroc</li><li>Mexique</li><li>Nigeria</li><li>Pologne</li><li>Portugal</li><li>Qatar</li><li>Roumanie</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Russie</li><li>République populaire de Chine</li><li>République tchèque</li><li>Serbie</li><li>Singapour</li><li>Slovénie</li><li>Soudan</li><li>Taïwan</li><li>Thaïlande</li><li>Tunisie</li><li>Turquie</li><li>Égypte</li><li>États-Unis</li></country></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Agboola, John" sort="Agboola, John" uniqKey="Agboola J" first="John" last="Agboola">John Agboola</name><name sortKey="Che Jusoh, Asri" sort="Che Jusoh, Asri" uniqKey="Che Jusoh A" first="Asri" last="Che Jusoh">Asri Che Jusoh</name><name sortKey="Faro, Mario" sort="Faro, Mario" uniqKey="Faro M" first="Mario" last="Faro">Mario Faro</name><name sortKey="Prabhu, Vinod" sort="Prabhu, Vinod" uniqKey="Prabhu V" first="Vinod" last="Prabhu">Vinod Prabhu</name></noCountry><country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sartelli, Massimo" sort="Sartelli, Massimo" uniqKey="Sartelli M" first="Massimo" last="Sartelli">Massimo Sartelli</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Abongwa, Hariscine K" sort="Abongwa, Hariscine K" uniqKey="Abongwa H" first="Hariscine K." last="Abongwa">Hariscine K. Abongwa</name><name sortKey="Ansaloni, Luca" sort="Ansaloni, Luca" uniqKey="Ansaloni L" first="Luca" last="Ansaloni">Luca Ansaloni</name><name sortKey="Baiocchi, Gian L" sort="Baiocchi, Gian L" uniqKey="Baiocchi G" first="Gian L." last="Baiocchi">Gian L. Baiocchi</name><name sortKey="Bellanova, Giovanni" sort="Bellanova, Giovanni" uniqKey="Bellanova G" first="Giovanni" last="Bellanova">Giovanni Bellanova</name><name sortKey="Bini, Roberto" sort="Bini, Roberto" uniqKey="Bini R" first="Roberto" last="Bini">Roberto Bini</name><name sortKey="Brunelli, Daniele" sort="Brunelli, Daniele" uniqKey="Brunelli D" first="Daniele" last="Brunelli">Daniele Brunelli</name><name sortKey="Catani, Marco" sort="Catani, Marco" uniqKey="Catani M" first="Marco" last="Catani">Marco Catani</name><name sortKey="Coccolini, Federico" sort="Coccolini, Federico" uniqKey="Coccolini F" first="Federico" last="Coccolini">Federico Coccolini</name><name sortKey="Cocorullo, Gianfranco" sort="Cocorullo, Gianfranco" uniqKey="Cocorullo G" first="Gianfranco" last="Cocorullo">Gianfranco Cocorullo</name><name sortKey="Di Saverio, Salomone" sort="Di Saverio, Salomone" uniqKey="Di Saverio S" first="Salomone" last="Di Saverio">Salomone Di Saverio</name><name sortKey="Ferrara, Francesco" sort="Ferrara, Francesco" uniqKey="Ferrara F" first="Francesco" last="Ferrara">Francesco Ferrara</name><name sortKey="Labricciosa, Francesco M" sort="Labricciosa, Francesco M" uniqKey="Labricciosa F" first="Francesco M." last="Labricciosa">Francesco M. Labricciosa</name><name sortKey="Montori, Giulia" sort="Montori, Giulia" uniqKey="Montori G" first="Giulia" last="Montori">Giulia Montori</name><name sortKey="Novelli, Giuseppe" sort="Novelli, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Novelli G" first="Giuseppe" last="Novelli">Giuseppe Novelli</name><name sortKey="Occhionorelli, Savino" sort="Occhionorelli, Savino" uniqKey="Occhionorelli S" first="Savino" last="Occhionorelli">Savino Occhionorelli</name><name sortKey="Palini, Gian M" sort="Palini, Gian M" uniqKey="Palini G" first="Gian M." last="Palini">Gian M. Palini</name><name sortKey="Pata, Francesco" sort="Pata, Francesco" uniqKey="Pata F" first="Francesco" last="Pata">Francesco Pata</name><name sortKey="Trana, Cristian" sort="Trana, Cristian" uniqKey="Trana C" first="Cristian" last="Tranà">Cristian Tranà</name><name sortKey="Vettoretto, Nereo" sort="Vettoretto, Nereo" uniqKey="Vettoretto N" first="Nereo" last="Vettoretto">Nereo Vettoretto</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Vijayan, Deepak" sort="Vijayan, Deepak" uniqKey="Vijayan D" first="Deepak" last="Vijayan">Deepak Vijayan</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Andreiev, Aurelia L" sort="Andreiev, Aurelia L" uniqKey="Andreiev A" first="Aurelia L." last="Andreiev">Aurelia L. Andreiev</name><name sortKey="Griffiths, Ewen" sort="Griffiths, Ewen" uniqKey="Griffiths E" first="Ewen" last="Griffiths">Ewen Griffiths</name><name sortKey="Lasithiotakis, Konstantinos" sort="Lasithiotakis, Konstantinos" uniqKey="Lasithiotakis K" first="Konstantinos" last="Lasithiotakis">Konstantinos Lasithiotakis</name><name sortKey="Nikolopoulos, Ioannis" sort="Nikolopoulos, Ioannis" uniqKey="Nikolopoulos I" first="Ioannis" last="Nikolopoulos">Ioannis Nikolopoulos</name><name sortKey="Seretis, Charalampos" sort="Seretis, Charalampos" uniqKey="Seretis C" first="Charalampos" last="Seretis">Charalampos Seretis</name><name sortKey="Theobald, George" sort="Theobald, George" uniqKey="Theobald G" first="George" last="Theobald">George Theobald</name></country><country name="Égypte"><noRegion><name sortKey="Abbas, Ashraf" sort="Abbas, Ashraf" uniqKey="Abbas A" first="Ashraf" last="Abbas">Ashraf Abbas</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Catena, Fausto" sort="Catena, Fausto" uniqKey="Catena F" first="Fausto" last="Catena">Fausto Catena</name><name sortKey="Ghnnam, Wagih M" sort="Ghnnam, Wagih M" uniqKey="Ghnnam W" first="Wagih M." last="Ghnnam">Wagih M. Ghnnam</name></country><country name="Nigeria"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ahmed, Adamu" sort="Ahmed, Adamu" uniqKey="Ahmed A" first="Adamu" last="Ahmed">Adamu Ahmed</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Olaoye, Iyiade" sort="Olaoye, Iyiade" uniqKey="Olaoye I" first="Iyiade" last="Olaoye">Iyiade Olaoye</name></country><country name="Géorgie (pays)"><noRegion><name sortKey="Akhmeteli, Lali" sort="Akhmeteli, Lali" uniqKey="Akhmeteli L" first="Lali" last="Akhmeteli">Lali Akhmeteli</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Demetrashvili, Zaza" sort="Demetrashvili, Zaza" uniqKey="Demetrashvili Z" first="Zaza" last="Demetrashvili">Zaza Demetrashvili</name><name sortKey="Tomadze, Gia" sort="Tomadze, Gia" uniqKey="Tomadze G" first="Gia" last="Tomadze">Gia Tomadze</name></country><country name="Turquie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Akkapulu, Nezih" sort="Akkapulu, Nezih" uniqKey="Akkapulu N" first="Nezih" last="Akkapulu">Nezih Akkapulu</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Akkucuk, Seckin" sort="Akkucuk, Seckin" uniqKey="Akkucuk S" first="Seckin" last="Akkucuk">Seckin Akkucuk</name><name sortKey="Altintoprak, Fatih" sort="Altintoprak, Fatih" uniqKey="Altintoprak F" first="Fatih" last="Altintoprak">Fatih Altintoprak</name><name sortKey="Colak, Elif" sort="Colak, Elif" uniqKey="Colak E" first="Elif" last="Colak">Elif Colak</name><name sortKey="Das, Koray" sort="Das, Koray" uniqKey="Das K" first="Koray" last="Das">Koray Das</name><name sortKey="Guner, Ali" sort="Guner, Ali" uniqKey="Guner A" first="Ali" last="Guner">Ali Guner</name><name sortKey="Isik, Arda" sort="Isik, Arda" uniqKey="Isik A" first="Arda" last="Isik">Arda Isik</name><name sortKey="Ozkan, Zeynep" sort="Ozkan, Zeynep" uniqKey="Ozkan Z" first="Zeynep" last="Ozkan">Zeynep Ozkan</name><name sortKey="Uzuno Lu, Mustafa Y" sort="Uzuno Lu, Mustafa Y" uniqKey="Uzuno Lu M" first="Mustafa Y." last="Uzuno Lu">Mustafa Y. Uzuno Lu</name><name sortKey="Yilmaz, Tonguc U" sort="Yilmaz, Tonguc U" uniqKey="Yilmaz T" first="Tonguç U." last="Yilmaz">Tonguç U. Yilmaz</name></country><country name="Grèce"><noRegion><name sortKey="Anyfantakis, Dimitrios" sort="Anyfantakis, Dimitrios" uniqKey="Anyfantakis D" first="Dimitrios" last="Anyfantakis">Dimitrios Anyfantakis</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Balalis, Dimitrios" sort="Balalis, Dimitrios" uniqKey="Balalis D" first="Dimitrios" last="Balalis">Dimitrios Balalis</name><name sortKey="Bouliaris, Konstantinos" sort="Bouliaris, Konstantinos" uniqKey="Bouliaris K" first="Konstantinos" last="Bouliaris">Konstantinos Bouliaris</name><name sortKey="Gkiokas, Georgios" sort="Gkiokas, Georgios" uniqKey="Gkiokas G" first="Georgios" last="Gkiokas">Georgios Gkiokas</name><name sortKey="Ioannidis, Orestis" sort="Ioannidis, Orestis" uniqKey="Ioannidis O" first="Orestis" last="Ioannidis">Orestis Ioannidis</name><name sortKey="Ioannidis, Orestis" sort="Ioannidis, Orestis" uniqKey="Ioannidis O" first="Orestis" last="Ioannidis">Orestis Ioannidis</name><name sortKey="Lostoridis, Eftychios" sort="Lostoridis, Eftychios" uniqKey="Lostoridis E" first="Eftychios" last="Lostoridis">Eftychios Lostoridis</name><name sortKey="Manatakis, Dimitrios" sort="Manatakis, Dimitrios" uniqKey="Manatakis D" first="Dimitrios" last="Manatakis">Dimitrios Manatakis</name><name sortKey="Marinis, Athanasio" sort="Marinis, Athanasio" uniqKey="Marinis A" first="Athanasio" last="Marinis">Athanasio Marinis</name><name sortKey="Michalopoulos, Nickos" sort="Michalopoulos, Nickos" uniqKey="Michalopoulos N" first="Nickos" last="Michalopoulos">Nickos Michalopoulos</name><name sortKey="Misiakos, Evangelos" sort="Misiakos, Evangelos" uniqKey="Misiakos E" first="Evangelos" last="Misiakos">Evangelos Misiakos</name><name sortKey="Pouggouras, Konstantinos" sort="Pouggouras, Konstantinos" uniqKey="Pouggouras K" first="Konstantinos" last="Pouggouras">Konstantinos Pouggouras</name><name sortKey="Spyropoulos, Charalampos" sort="Spyropoulos, Charalampos" uniqKey="Spyropoulos C" first="Charalampos" last="Spyropoulos">Charalampos Spyropoulos</name></country><country name="Bulgarie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Atanasov, Boiko" sort="Atanasov, Boiko" uniqKey="Atanasov B" first="Boiko" last="Atanasov">Boiko Atanasov</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Sakakushev, Boris" sort="Sakakushev, Boris" uniqKey="Sakakushev B" first="Boris" last="Sakakushev">Boris Sakakushev</name></country><country name="Israël"><noRegion><name sortKey="Bala, Miklosh" sort="Bala, Miklosh" uniqKey="Bala M" first="Miklosh" last="Bala">Miklosh Bala</name></noRegion></country><country name="Tunisie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Baraket, Oussama" sort="Baraket, Oussama" uniqKey="Baraket O" first="Oussama" last="Baraket">Oussama Baraket</name></noRegion></country><country name="Chili"><noRegion><name sortKey="Beltran, Marcelo" sort="Beltran, Marcelo" uniqKey="Beltran M" first="Marcelo" last="Beltran">Marcelo Beltran</name></noRegion></country><country name="Portugal"><noRegion><name sortKey="Melo, Renato Bessa" sort="Melo, Renato Bessa" uniqKey="Melo R" first="Renato Bessa" last="Melo">Renato Bessa Melo</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Costa, Silvia" sort="Costa, Silvia" uniqKey="Costa S" first="Silvia" last="Costa">Silvia Costa</name><name sortKey="Ferreira, Margarida" sort="Ferreira, Margarida" uniqKey="Ferreira M" first="Margarida" last="Ferreira">Margarida Ferreira</name><name sortKey="Leao, Pedro" sort="Leao, Pedro" uniqKey="Leao P" first="Pedro" last="Leão">Pedro Leão</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Castillo, Adrian" sort="Castillo, Adrian" uniqKey="Castillo A" first="Adrian" last="Castillo">Adrian Castillo</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Coimbra, Raul" sort="Coimbra, Raul" uniqKey="Coimbra R" first="Raul" last="Coimbra">Raul Coimbra</name><name sortKey="Khor, Desmond" sort="Khor, Desmond" uniqKey="Khor D" first="Desmond" last="Khor">Desmond Khor</name><name sortKey="Kim, Dennis" sort="Kim, Dennis" uniqKey="Kim D" first="Dennis" last="Kim">Dennis Kim</name><name sortKey="Maciel, James" sort="Maciel, James" uniqKey="Maciel J" first="James" last="Maciel">James Maciel</name></country><country name="Cameroun"><noRegion><name sortKey="Chichom Mefire, Alain" sort="Chichom Mefire, Alain" uniqKey="Chichom Mefire A" first="Alain" last="Chichom-Mefire">Alain Chichom-Mefire</name></noRegion></country><country name="Bosnie-Herzégovine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Delibegovic, Samir" sort="Delibegovic, Samir" uniqKey="Delibegovic S" first="Samir" last="Delibegovic">Samir Delibegovic</name></noRegion></country><country name="Qatar"><noRegion><name sortKey="Di Carlo, Isidoro" sort="Di Carlo, Isidoro" uniqKey="Di Carlo I" first="Isidoro" last="Di Carlo">Isidoro Di Carlo</name></noRegion></country><country name="Lettonie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kiseleva, Nadezda" sort="Kiseleva, Nadezda" uniqKey="Kiseleva N" first="Nadezda" last="Kiseleva">Nadezda Kiseleva</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Novikovs, Viktors" sort="Novikovs, Viktors" uniqKey="Novikovs V" first="Viktors" last="Novikovs">Viktors Novikovs</name></country><country name="Bahreïn"><noRegion><name sortKey="El Zalabany, Tamer" sort="El Zalabany, Tamer" uniqKey="El Zalabany T" first="Tamer" last="El Zalabany">Tamer El Zalabany</name></noRegion></country><country name="Brésil"><noRegion><name sortKey="Fraga, Gustavo P" sort="Fraga, Gustavo P" uniqKey="Fraga G" first="Gustavo P." last="Fraga">Gustavo P. Fraga</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Gomes, Carlos A" sort="Gomes, Carlos A" uniqKey="Gomes C" first="Carlos A." last="Gomes">Carlos A. Gomes</name><name sortKey="Hirano, Elcio S" sort="Hirano, Elcio S" uniqKey="Hirano E" first="Elcio S." last="Hirano">Elcio S. Hirano</name><name sortKey="Pereira Junior, Gerson A" sort="Pereira Junior, Gerson A" uniqKey="Pereira Junior G" first="Gerson A." last="Pereira Júnior">Gerson A. Pereira Júnior</name><name sortKey="Reitz, Marianne" sort="Reitz, Marianne" uniqKey="Reitz M" first="Marianne" last="Reitz">Marianne Reitz</name><name sortKey="Teixeira Gonsaga, Ricardo A" sort="Teixeira Gonsaga, Ricardo A" uniqKey="Teixeira Gonsaga R" first="Ricardo A." last="Teixeira Gonsaga">Ricardo A. 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